Temperature dependent time resolved mid-IR photoacoustic spectroscopy of a nerve gas simulant DMMP

Konda, Srinivasa Rao; Razdan, A. K.; Tyagi, Akansha; Chaudhary, A.K.

doi:10.1016/j.saa.2018.06.089

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…[ 28 ] ZrQ@Zr‐BDC also exhibits a small peak at 2924 cm −1 which may be attributed to symmetric stretching of P‐CH 3. [ 29 ] A new, strong peak at 1275 cm −1 may be attributed to P=O stretching. In‐plane bending of P‐CH 3 bonds also causes a strong peaks between 960 and 880 cm −1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ encapsulation of ZrQ in UiO‐66 (Zr‐BDC) for pore size control to enhance detection of a nerve agent simulant dimethyl methyl phosphonate

Wong

Kim

Abuzalat

2022

Applied Organom Chemis

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Chemical warfare agents are toxic chemicals that require rapid, easy‐to‐use, sensitive, and selective sensors to countermeasure. Simulants, such as dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP), are used to test the effectiveness of sensors toward nerve agents. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) offer large surface area and selective accessibility to active sites making them appealing for chemical sensing applications. In this work, we propose a fast, facile, direct synthesis method for manufacturing fluorescent MOFs with high sensitivity and selectivity. Zr‐BDC is synthesized with 1, 4‐benzenedicarboxylic acid (BDC) as an organic ligand and zirconium (Zr) metal. Fluorescent materials are then encapsulated in a novel and rapid in situ approach with strong solvents. X‐ray diffraction, UV–visible spectroscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy are used to verify the successful formation of fluorescent MOFs. Compared to other methods, the gel synthesis method helps to control crystal growth leading to higher BET surface areas of ~1150 m2 g−1 for Zr‐BDC and 850 m2 g−1 for ZrQ@Zr‐BDC. Titration experiments show the sensitivity of the material to DMMP down to 8.3 nM with a highly linear response. Enhanced fluorescence and occupation of mesopores by ZrQ enable lower limit of detection than those of comparable works in literature. The encapsulation mechanism also prevents substantial defects that would otherwise lead to water adsorption.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ encapsulation of ZrQ in UiO‐66 (Zr‐BDC) for pore size control to enhance detection of a nerve agent simulant dimethyl methyl phosphonate

Wong

Kim

Abuzalat

2022

Applied Organom Chemis

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“…The new peaks appeared in the range of 906-918 cm À1 with the increasing DMMP ratio indicated P O C stretching vibrations. 17…”

Section: Ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio‐based rigid polyurethane foam composites reinforced with flame retardants: From synthesis to performance evaluation

Akdogan,

Erdem,

Kaynak

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The building and construction industry is under increasing pressure to make insulation materials greener, more sustainable, and less flammable. In this study, sugar beet pulp was liquified under the optimized liquefaction conditions and used as the source of bio‐polyol (SBpol) in the production of bio‐based rigid polyurethane foam (sPUF). In order to improve the flame retardancy, sPUF composites were prepared with the addition of flame retardants; expandable graphite (EG) and/or dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP). The bio‐polyol was used at a fixed ratio of 50 php in sPUF composites whereas the total ratio of flame retardants was fixed at 20 php. The effects of the ratio of EG and/or DMMP on the morphological, physicomechanical, thermal, and flame retardant properties of sPUF composites were evaluated. Although the thermal conductivity values of flame retardant added sPUF composites were increased in comparison to the petroleum‐based foam, the compressive strength values were decreased as the amount of DMMP increased in the flame retardant formulation. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the onset of decomposition of 20 php DMMP‐containing sPUF composite decreased to 168.3°C. Although the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of the petroleum‐based PUF was as low as 19.7%, the LOI value of the sPUF/10E/10D foam increased to 24.9% (by about 26%). According to the cone calorimeter results, the peak heat release rate (pHRR) of sPUF was much higher than the petroleum‐based foam. The incorporation of both DMMP and EG could further improve the flame retardant properties. The pHRR value of sPUF/10E/10D was 28.1% lower than that of sPUF. The results have shown that flame retardancy of sPUF composites could be improved by the addition of EG which acts in the condensed phase and DMMP, which acts mainly in the gas phase during burning. Flame retardant incorporated sPUF composites are considered as promising materials for use in insulation applications.

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“…In order to achieve high sensitivity and accuracy in the detection of SF 6 decomposition components, many scholars and experts have devoted themselves to the study of different methods, such as nanosensors [6,7], absorption spectroscopy [8,9], photoacoustic spectroscopy [10], and Raman spectroscopy [11,12]. However, these methods usually require sampling from the GIS inlet for external detection, which results in low concentrations of externally detectable components due to the large volume of the GIS gas chamber and the presence of adsorbents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An All-Fiber FLRD System for SO2 Detection Based on Graphene-Coated Microfiber

Wang¹,

Zhuo²,

Yin

et al. 2023

Photonics

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The accurate and effective detection of SF6 decomposition components inside a gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) is crucial for equipment fault diagnosis and condition assessment. The current method for detecting SF6 decomposition components involves gas extraction at the GIS inlet, which only provides limited information on the decomposition component content. Therefore, there is a need to explore more effective ways to obtain internal gas component information within GIS. In this study, we propose a graphene-coated microfiber gas detection method for SO2. We establish a physical simulation model of the microfiber and analyze the sensing mechanism of the microfiber diameter and cladding refractive index changes in its evanescent field. A graphene-coated microfiber gas sensor was prepared using a drop-coating method, and a fiber loop ring-down (FLRD) gas detection system was constructed for the experimental studies on SO2 gas detection. The results demonstrated that the graphene-coated microfiber exhibits an excellent gas-sensitive response to SO2 and achieves trace-level detection at room temperature. The concentration range of 0 to 200 ppm showed good linearity, with a maximum detection error of 4.76% and a sensitivity of 1.24 ns/ppm for SO2. This study introduces an all-fiber method for detecting SF6 decomposition components, offering a new approach for online monitoring of SF6 decomposition components in GIS equipment using built-in fiber-optic sensors.

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Temperature dependent time resolved mid-IR photoacoustic spectroscopy of a nerve gas simulant DMMP

Cited by 3 publications

References 26 publications

In situ encapsulation of ZrQ in UiO‐66 (Zr‐BDC) for pore size control to enhance detection of a nerve agent simulant dimethyl methyl phosphonate

In situ encapsulation of ZrQ in UiO‐66 (Zr‐BDC) for pore size control to enhance detection of a nerve agent simulant dimethyl methyl phosphonate

Bio‐based rigid polyurethane foam composites reinforced with flame retardants: From synthesis to performance evaluation

An All-Fiber FLRD System for SO2 Detection Based on Graphene-Coated Microfiber

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