Temperature Dependent Performance and In Situ AC Impedance of High-Temperature PEM Fuel Cells Using the Nafion-112 Membrane

Tang, Yanghua; Zhang, Jiujun; Song, Chaojie; Liu, Hansan; Zhang, Jianlu; Wang, Haijiang; MacKinnon, Sean M.; Peckham, T; Li, Jing; McDermid, Scott; Kozak, Paul

doi:10.1149/1.2337008

Cited by 88 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…[344][345][346][347] This is not too surprising since the materials are still being developed and characterized ex situ, and the fabrication of the highertemperature cells, especially the CLs, are difficult, as noted below. Figure 32 shows the polarization and high-frequency resistance results for a Nafion ® -based system as the operating temperature is increased, keeping a more-or-less fixed inlet water partial pressure.…”

Section: Higher-temperature Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Water Management in Polymer-Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Weber

Balliet

Gunterman

et al. 2008

Modern Aspects of Electrochemistry

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Section: Higher-temperature Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Water Management in Polymer-Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Weber

Balliet

Gunterman

et al. 2008

Modern Aspects of Electrochemistry

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“…It thus fails to meet the current industrial demands which call for operating temperatures above 100 °C. [9,10] Over the last decade, an extensive research effort has been directed toward developing alternative membranes based on sulfonated hydrocarbon polymers to overcome the drawbacks of Nafion. [11,12] The use of hydrocarbon-based monomers and building blocks has widely expanded the possibilities to vary and control the structure and function of the membranes in relation to fluorocarbon-based approaches.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiblock Copolymers with Highly Sulfonated Blocks Containing Di‐ and Tetrasulfonated Arylene Sulfone Segments for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Applications

Takamuku¹,

Jannasch²

2011

Advanced Energy Materials

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(arylene ether sulfone)s with different block lengths and ionic contents are tailored for durable and proton-conducting electrolyte membranes. Two series of fully aromatic copolymers are prepared by coupling reactions between non-sulfonated hydrophobic precursor blocks and highly sulfonated hydrophilic precursor blocks containing either fully disulfonated diarylsulfone or fully tetrasulfonated tetraaryldisulfone segments. The sulfonic acid groups are exclusively introduced in ortho positions to the sulfone bridges to impede desulfonation reactions and give the blocks ion exchange capacities (IECs) of 4.1 and 4.6 meq. g −1 , respectively. Solvent cast block copolymer membranes show well-connected hydrophilic nanophase domains for proton transport and high decomposition temperatures above 310 °C under air. Despite higher IEC values, membranes containing tetrasulfonated tetraaryldisulfone segments display a markedly lower water uptake than the corresponding ones with disulfonated diarylsulfone segments when immersed in water at 100 °C, presumably because of the much higher chain stiffness and glass transition temperature of the former segments. The former membranes have proton conductivities in level of a perfluorosulfonic acid membrane (NRE212) under fully humidified conditions. A membrane with an IEC of 1.83 meq. g −1 reaches above 6 mS cm −1 under 30% relative humidity at 80 °C, to be compared with 10 mS cm −1 for NRE212 under the same conditions.solubilization of conductive polymers such as poly(thiophene)s. [4] Still, perhaps the most important application area of these robust polymers is currently as proton exchange membranes for polymer electrolyte fuel cells, which are highly energy efficient and potentially environmentally benign power devices. [5,6] Today, perfluorosulfonic acid polymers such as Nafion are considered as state-of-the-art membranes because of their high chemical stability and high proton conductivity under a wide humidity range at moderate operating temperatures. [7,8] Nevertheless, the Nafion membrane suffers from general disadvantages such as high cost, high fuel permeability and a low mechanical modulus. More seriously, the Nafion membrane has a tendency to dehydrate above 80 °C, leading to lower conductivities. It thus fails to meet the current industrial demands which call for operating temperatures above 100 °C. [9,10] Over the last decade, an extensive research effort has been directed toward developing alternative membranes based on sulfonated hydrocarbon polymers to overcome the drawbacks of Nafion. [11,12] The use of hydrocarbon-based monomers and building blocks has widely expanded the possibilities to vary and control the structure and function of the membranes in relation to fluorocarbon-based approaches. For example, a wide range of sulfonated high-performance aromatic polymers has been prepared and their films have subsequently been evaluated and demonstrated as prospective fuel cell membranes. Among these polymers, sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s (SPAESs) have been ex...

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“…Obviously, water flooding will slow down the mass transfer of O 2 , which will be reflected by an increase in mass transfer resistance (R mt ) in the equivalent circuit of the cathode reaction process (Canut et al 2006;Tang et al 2006). As shown in Figure 5, the mass transfer resistances obtained based on AC impedance data increase with rising RH, indicating that at a higher RH water flooding has a more severe effect on the mass transfer process.…”

Section: Rh Effect On Water Floodingmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A Solartron 1252 FRA was used for AC impedance measurements, taken in the frequency range of 5000 to 0.01 Hz using a method described in our previous paper (Tang et al 2006). AC impedance was employed to obtain mass transfer resistances for the fuel cell reactions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%