Temperature dependence of radiation hardness of lead tungstate (PWO) scintillation crystals

Characterization of a defective PbWO4crystal cut along the a-c crystallographic plane: structural assessment and a novel photoelastic stress analysis

“…PWO, as a scintillating material, is continuing getting attention from the high energy physics community [3,4], since the time of CMS [5] and, also, today with the PANDA [4]- [6] project, thanks to its intrinsic characteristics. Owing to its own scintillating properties, the tetragonal PbWO 4 (PWO) crystals are among the widely used and studied [2,4,7]- [9]. The fields themselves prompt the efforts in theoretical, experimental and technological studies of these substances and the associated production processes.…”

Photosensitive bismuth ions in lead tungstate

“…These crystals were optimized for calorimet ric detectors by doping with trivalent ions [5,6]. Great progress in the enhancement of quantum yield was achieved by double doping of PWO crystals with Mo and La or Y and Nb ions [7][8][9][10].…”

Photoluminescence and Scintillation Modulation Upon UV/X‐ray‐Induced Photochromism in Europium Tungstate Phosphors

“…The difference between the initial spectrum and the one after 2h of irradiation, Figure (d), shows the rise of a band at around 600 nm for the sample without citric acid, besides that at 900 nm, suggesting that the exposition to X‐ray induces the formation of novel levels into the bandgap for which the electrons may be photoexcitated, improving the photoresponse in that range . Such states may be formed, for instance, by oxygen vacancies originated with the irradiation process,‐ that may also reduce the W VI ions, as showed previously, resulting in the increased band associated to the IVCT state at 900 nm.…”