Temperature Dependence of Bubble Nucleation Limits for Aqueous Solutions of Carbon Dioxide, Hydrogen, and Oxygen

Bubble nucleation in binary mixtures: A semiempirical approach

“…1 in Ref. 3, shows that our semiempirical model qualitatively reproduces the nucleation behavior in the different mixtures: the critical concentration C crit decreases when the temperature is increased for mixtures of CO 2 , O 2 , and N 2 in water, with a negative slope, dC crit /dT, whose absolute value is much smaller for the N 2 -H 2 O mixture than for the CO 2 aqueous solution. In the case of the hydrogen mixture, the available experimental results indicate that the critical concentration increases with increasing temperature.…”

“…There has now been a direct experimental measurement of the critical supersaturation of several gases in water as a function of temperature by Bowers et al 3 These authors do indeed find that the critical supersaturation of hydrogen in water increases with T. The corresponding quantity for nitrogen and oxygen is only weakly dependent on temperature, whereas the supersaturation for carbon dioxide decreases strongly with temperature. This appears to be direct confirmation of our earlier theoretical predictions.…”

“…However, Bowers et al have argued that this explanation may not apply to the mixtures they have studied, because the temperatures employed are so far above the critical point of hydrogen. 3 In this paper, we explicitly model the interaction forces between water and the four gases investigated by Bowers et al ͑hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide͒. We use Lennard-Jones potentials whose parameters are determined by equilibrium properties of the liquids and liquid mixtures, including the Henry's law constants for the gases in water.…”

Boiling‐Up Kinetics of Solutions of Cryogenic Liquids

“…At low temperatures the conditions of realization of such a shock liquid boiling-up regime prove to be more rigid than at temperatures close to the critical point. Practically all experiments on the investigation of nucleation in gassupersaturated solutions at low temperatures were made with quasi-static methods [23][24][25][26][27][28] with a sufficiently slow transfer of the system into a metastable state. As in the case of cavitation [29], the achievement of conditions of homogeneous nucleation requires here, evidently, the use of nonstatic (pulse) methods.…”

“…The theory of boiling-up of such supersaturated nonvolatile liquids was developed by Deryagin and Prokhorov [21] and Kuni et al [22]. The first experimental investigations of nucleation in nonvolatile liquid solutions were made by Hemmingsen [23], Finkelstein and Tamir [24] and Bowers et al [25]. Supersaturation was created by an abrupt release of pressure on the liquid (water), which was saturated with a gas at pressures equal to several hundreds of atmospheres.…”