Temperature control and readout circuit interface for Mox based NH3 gas sensor

Sharma, Dharmendra; Dwara, Rama Sai Vinay; Botre, B. A.; Akbar, Sheikh A.

doi:10.1007/s00542-016-3126-6

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Thus, the SMA actuators were connected at the drain terminal of the MOSFET units. The constant current was maintained and regulated in direct proportion to the applied input voltage at the operational amplifier without bothering for changes in load resistance because SMA connected at the drain terminal of MOSFET [36]. Figure 3 shows the thermographic images of the SMA actuator captured during different heating currents observed by HM.…”

Section: Development Of Electronic Heating Module (Hm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wherein high-frequency PWM signals were passed from the low pass filter (LPF) that improved the temperature control of the microheater [35]. Voltage controlled current source employed for the precise temperature control and resistance readout from the microheater used in gas sensor application [36]. Therefore, the proposed technique is a simplified electronic circuit with controlled heating that was achieved using a constant current mechanism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance analysis of constant current heated antagonistic shape memory alloy actuator using a differential resistance measurement technique

Bhargaw

Botre

Singh

et al. 2021

Smart Mater. Struct.

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This work presents the development of a precise, constant heating mechanism for an antagonistic shape memory alloy (SMA) actuator. The actuator was developed using a pair of SMA wires arranged in an antagonistic configuration. SMA possesses a unique phase-dependent, resistance variation property which is called self-sensing. This phenomenon is observed during thermal phase transition. A constant heating current was employed to measure combined differential resistance (ΔR) which provides insignificant hysteresis and linear relationship with displacement. ΔR eventually helps to determine the present position of the actuator for sensorless feedback control. The aim is to remove additional external sensors, reducing actuator footprint and interface complexity using the proposed study. The performance analysis of the actuator was evaluated under constant current by the tracking trajectory of reference signals. The tracking results confirmed the improvement in operating bandwidth by a reduction in displacement. The heating module mainly consisted of a low pass filter, operational amplifier with a current sense feedback mechanism that regulates the heating current in proportion to PWM signals. The result shows a significant 21% variation in the observed value of ΔR (1.200 to 0.254Ω) between the major-minor loops. The study confirms linearity and maintains similarity by highest correlation 0.9508 during open-loop, which further improves to 0.9891 in close feedback reference tracking with an error band ±0.05mm.

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Section: Development Of Electronic Heating Module (Hm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance analysis of constant current heated antagonistic shape memory alloy actuator using a differential resistance measurement technique

Bhargaw

Botre

Singh

et al. 2021

Smart Mater. Struct.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…(b) In order to achieve isothermal TG, different heating algorithms can be applied for heating micrometer sized samples. The absolute temperature and ramp rate can be controlled by different techniques (or a combination), such as pulse width modulation (PWM), on-off, Proportional integral (PI) and Proportional integral derivative (PID) modes [58][59][60][61], by adaption of the number of heat pulses n hp with the feedback of temperature sensor. More specifically, when a mass loss is measured then V hp is kept constant until no mass loss can be detected.…”

Section: Tg With Cuso 4 •5h 2 O Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical analysis of micro-thermogravimetry of CuSO_4·5H₂O crystals using heatable microcantilevers

Tiwary¹,

Zakerin²,

Natálio³

et al. 2019

J. Micromech. Microeng.

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Micro/nano thermogravimetry (TG) employing MEMS has significant potential to improve the minimum sample mass and mass resolution as compared to commercial TG instruments. Although there have been a few previous reports on MEMS TG, none of them have critically analysed the obtained TG curve in detail. In this work, we have designed and fabricated a microelectromechanical thermogravimetric device (MMTG) with integrated microheaters and temperature sensors. The mass sensitivity of the device was estimated to be 0.89 pg Hz −1 which outperforms the standard TG approaches. We tested the MMTG performance with CuSO 4 •5H 2 O crystals. The final mass loss ratio corresponds to the theoretically expected value, although the obtained TG curve deviated from the standard TG curve of CuSO 4 •5H 2 O obtained from commercial TG instruments. We attributed the deviation to the inherent temperature non-uniformity, non-isothermal conditions and temperature gradients of metallicwire based microheaters. Finite element (FE) simulations were carried out in order to confirm and gain insights into the non-uniform heating phenomena of microheater and sample. Based on the simulation results, we propose designs that can be realized to make MEMS TG a successful enterprise.

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“…In the past, driving gas-sensor microheaters mainly involved directly controlling the current input to the microheater from the power supply [ 4 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ], and microheaters were mainly operated in pulse-width modulation (PWM) or linear control mode. PWM acts as an on/off switch and the current is supplied only during the ‘on’ part of the duty cycle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A High-Efficiency Driver Circuit for a Gas-Sensor Microheater Based on a Switch-Mode DC-to-DC Converter

Yang

Chiou

2020

Sensors

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Low power consumption is one of the critical factors for successful Internet of Things (IoT) applications. In such applications, gas sensors have become a main source of power consumption because energy conversion efficiency of the microheater is relative over a wide range of operating temperatures. To improve the energy-conversion efficiency of gas-sensor microheaters, this paper proposes integrated switch-mode DC-to-DC power converter technology which we compare with traditional driving methods such as pulse-width modulation and the linear mode. The results indicate that energy conversion efficiency with this proposed method remains over 90% from 150 °C to 400 °C when using a 3.0, 4.2 and 5.0 V power supply. Energy-conversion efficiency increases by 1–74% compared with results obtained using the traditional driving methods, and the sensing film still detects alcohol and toluene at 200 °C and 280 °C, respectively, with high energy conversion efficiency. These results show that the proposed method is useful and should be further developed to drive gas-sensor microheaters, and then integrated into the circuits of the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor micro electro mechanical systems (CMOS-MEMS).

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Temperature control and readout circuit interface for Mox based NH3 gas sensor

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Performance analysis of constant current heated antagonistic shape memory alloy actuator using a differential resistance measurement technique

Performance analysis of constant current heated antagonistic shape memory alloy actuator using a differential resistance measurement technique

Critical analysis of micro-thermogravimetry of CuSO_4·5H₂O crystals using heatable microcantilevers

A High-Efficiency Driver Circuit for a Gas-Sensor Microheater Based on a Switch-Mode DC-to-DC Converter

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Temperature control and readout circuit interface for Mox based NH3 gas sensor

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Performance analysis of constant current heated antagonistic shape memory alloy actuator using a differential resistance measurement technique

Performance analysis of constant current heated antagonistic shape memory alloy actuator using a differential resistance measurement technique

Critical analysis of micro-thermogravimetry of CuSO4·5H2O crystals using heatable microcantilevers

A High-Efficiency Driver Circuit for a Gas-Sensor Microheater Based on a Switch-Mode DC-to-DC Converter

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Critical analysis of micro-thermogravimetry of CuSO_4·5H₂O crystals using heatable microcantilevers