“…C << 1 force convection, C >> 1 free convection, and C z 1 free and force convections. Finally, the open circuit voltage, V OC , and short circuit current of the PV module, I SC , are calculated based on the silicon temperature,T 1 , and the incident solar energy on the glass, I T,d , as [31]: a and b 0 are the temperature coefficients of current and voltage, respectively, T STC and I STC are the module temperature and incident solar radiation at the standard testing conditions, respectively. The electrical power of the PV modules at the maximum power point tracking is calculated as follows [31]:…”