Temperature and Vitamin Requirements of the Domestic Fowl ,

Moreng, R. E.

doi:10.3382/ps.0590782

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Supplementation of birds with vitamin A (Moreng, 1980), ascorbic acid (Kafri and Cherry, 1984;Pardue et al, 1985), and ammonium chloride (Balnave and Oliva, 1991) have all been shown to demonstrate a variable performance benefit under HT conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Intermittent Periods of High Environmental Temperature on Broiler Performance Responses to Sources of Methionine Activity

Knight¹,

Wuelling²,

Atwell³

et al. 1994

Poultry Science

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The objective of these experiments was to study the effect of intermittent high temperature (IHT) on performance of broilers fed different sources of methionine activity. Two 20-d experiments were conducted in which individually caged 28-d-old cockerels were exposed to a 5-d period of constant high temperature (HT, 30 to 32 C) followed by an equal period of thermoneutral (TN) temperatures (22 C) with the 10-d temperature cycle repeated twice. Birds held at 22 C were TN controls. Grower diets contained 3,275 kcal/kg ME and 20% CP and were supplemented with either 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid (HMB, Alimet Feed Supplement) or DL-Met up to a maximum of .88 to .90% total sulfur amino acids (TSAA). In Experiment 1, gain:feed but not average daily gain was greater (P < .05) for HMB than DL-Met birds subjected to IHT (.451 vs .413, respectively), but no treatment differences were observed for TN birds. Results of Experiment 2 demonstrated a linear response to HMB and DL-Met dose in TN (P < .01); however, only HMB-supplemented birds responded similarly in IHT (P < .01). These results are consistent with lower availability of DL-Met as a result of IHT. In vitro experiments indicated that capacity for uptake of DL-Met into intestinal epithelial cells was reduced in heat-stressed birds. Uptake of D-Met was more severely affected than was L-Met. Consequently, a third performance experiment compared the ability of D-Met and L-Met to support growth under conditions of HT. The results indicated that the effect of HT on broiler performance was mediated through reduced utilization of D-Met.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Intermittent Periods of High Environmental Temperature on Broiler Performance Responses to Sources of Methionine Activity

Knight¹,

Wuelling²,

Atwell³

et al. 1994

Poultry Science

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“…Several reports in the literature deal with ambient temperature effects in relation to dietary regimens (Cowan and Michie, 1977;Hurwitz et al, 1980;Moreng, 1980;Bacon et al, 1981;Charles et al, 1981;McNaughton and Reece, 1984). Most of these reports refer to the stress of elevated temperatures, which tends to reduce feed intake and in turn creates deficiencies of those nutrients essential for optimal performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrelationships Among Lighting, Ambient Temperature, and Dietary Energy and Broiler Chicken Performance

Proudfoot

Hulan

1987

Poultry Science

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A total of 4,800 broiler chickens of one commercial genotype were used to study the interrelated effects of two lighting treatments (green fluorescent vs. incandescent), three weekly rates of ambient temperature decline (4.5, 3.5, 2.0 C), and starter/finisher diets with four levels of dietary energy (3,100/3,300; 3,000/3,200; 2,900/3,100; and 2,800/3,000 kcal/kg metabolizable energy). Lighting and ambient temperature treatments had no significant (P greater than .05) effects on percentage mortality, feed conversion ratio, body weight, and monetary return. The highest dietary energy regimens resulted in the heaviest body weights, best feed conversion ratios, and the highest monetary returns. A lighting treatment x diet interaction occurred for female mortality to 42 days but was considered of minor importance. A lighting treatment x diet interaction for feed conversion provided evidence that low temperatures had a more pronounced depressing effect on broiler chickens fed low energy diets. A second order interaction for 42-day male body weights provides evidence that male broiler chickens may be less sensitive to lower ambient temperatures if fed higher energy diets under incandescent lighting compared with those fed lower energy diets under green fluorescent light.

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“…Nutrition manipulation of heat stress includes feeding timing (Teeter et al, 1987) quantity and quality of food, and fat supplementation (Hussein, 1996;Soliman et al, 1999;. Critical essential amino acids (Yanming and Baker, 1993), minerals and vitamins (Moreng, 1980), and feed additives and growth promoters (Teeter, 1995) play an important role in this respect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Growth Performance, Bone Measurements, Intestine Measurements, and Plasma Constituents of Muscovy Ducklings to Different Levels of Nonphytate Phosphorus and Dietary Phytase Supplementation During Summer Season

2008

Egyptian Journal of Animal Production

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A total of 180 one-day old Muscovy ducklings were used in the present study to assess the effect of phytase supplementation on growth performance, feed passage time, small intestine growth, concentration of triiodothyronine (T 3) hormone, and bone measurements during summer season. Ducklings were divided into six equal groups. Three diets were formulated to contain 0.25%, 0.34% and 0.45% nonphytate phosphorus (NPP) for feeding from 1 d to 3weeks of age, and 0.21, 0. 30 and 0.40 % NPP for feeding from 3 to 11 weeks of age, respectively. Phytase enzyme was added to all diets at two levels being. 0 and 750 U\Kg. Performance results show that addition of phytase enzyme to duck diets of high NPP content significantly improved live body weight and weight gain at 1, 3, 5, 7 and (0-1), (1-3), (3-5) weeks of age, respectively. Bone ash percentages, length, width of tibia and concentration of Ca, P of tibia ash significantly increased either as dietary NPP increased or by the addition of phytase enzyme. These results clearly indicated that increasing dietary NPP level and adding phytase enzyme to duckling diets from 1 to 11 weeks of age improved weight of intestinal segments. The main effect of NPP level and phytase supplementation on duodenum morphology (villus height and crypt depth) and pH of intestinal segments significantly increased in the birds fed 100% or 75% NPP level with phytase supplementation compared with other treatments fed diets without phytase addition during summer conditions. Feed passage time was affected by dietary NPP level, however; adding phytase enzyme to duckling diets from 1 to 11 weeks of age fasted passage rate. T3 concentration did not differ significantly due to dietary NPP level with or without enzyme addition. The present data indicate that phytase supplementation pronounced beneficial effects on growth performance, feed passage time, small intestine growth, concentrations of triiodothyronine (T 3) hormone and bone measurements of Muscovy ducklings during summer conditions.

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Temperature and Vitamin Requirements of the Domestic Fowl ,

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Effect of Intermittent Periods of High Environmental Temperature on Broiler Performance Responses to Sources of Methionine Activity

Effect of Intermittent Periods of High Environmental Temperature on Broiler Performance Responses to Sources of Methionine Activity

Interrelationships Among Lighting, Ambient Temperature, and Dietary Energy and Broiler Chicken Performance

Responses of Growth Performance, Bone Measurements, Intestine Measurements, and Plasma Constituents of Muscovy Ducklings to Different Levels of Nonphytate Phosphorus and Dietary Phytase Supplementation During Summer Season

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