Temperature and frequency effect on the electrical properties of bulk nickel phthalocyanine octacarboxylic acid (Ni-Pc(COOH)8)

Hamam, Khalil J.; Mezei, Gellert; Khattari, Z. Y.; Maghrabi, M.; Afaneh, F.; Isawi, Wisam A. Al; Salman, Fathy

doi:10.1007/s00339-018-2147-7

Cited by 25 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Furthermore, the amplitude of the real part of impedance ( Z ′) increases with the increasing temperature and shifts to the high-frequency side, suggesting the presence of space charge polarization in the PdPc(Imz) 4 . , The same behavior of Z ′ has been previously noticed in many other phthalocyanine materials . The observed temperature dependence of the actual impedance Z ′ may be a factor responsible for the improvement of the AC conductivity of the material with temperature at higher frequencies …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…37 The observed temperature dependence of the actual impedance Z ′ may be a factor responsible for the improvement of the AC conductivity of the material with temperature at higher frequencies. 38 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the decreasing radius of the arcs, which become gradually more circular with increase in the temperature, demonstrates the semiconducting nature of the phthalocyanine. 34 Most of the authors attribute this phenomenon to the Debye relaxation behavior of the grain boundaries 38 due to the nonhomogeneity of the grains, to the variations among the grain boundaries combined in series/parallel connection, and to the measured response of each individual grain boundary.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results are in good agreement with those reported in other studies, in which several metallophthalocyanine-based materials were used, such as CoPc ( s = 0.7–0.8), 58 MoPc ( s = 0.9), 59 MgPc ( s = 0.71–0.99), 60 and Ni–Pc(COOH) 8 ( s = 0.42–0.67). 38 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impedance Spectroscopy and Dielectric Relaxation of Imidazole-Substituted Palladium(II) Phthalocyanine (ImPdPc) for Organic Solar Cells

et al. 2021

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In this study, we investigated the potential of palladium tetrakis (imidazole) phthalocyanine (PdPc(Imz) 4 ) for use as an organic semiconductor for improving the photovoltaic performance. In order to get more information about the prevailing model of the conduction mechanism (correlated barrier hopping (CBH)) for PdPc(Imz) 4 , electrical impedance measurements were performed at different temperatures and the obtained data were simulated by the Kohlraush Williams Watt (KWW) approach. Theoretical studies (density functional theory (DFT)) were performed and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) maps were also extracted to understand the relationship between the molecular structures and the molecular electronic structure of PdPc(Imz) 4 and its semiconductor properties. Furthermore, studies on the AC electrical process as a function of temperature highlighted a hopping charge transport according to an equivalent electrical circuit composed of a parallel constant-phase element (CPE), capacitance in the grain boundary layer ( C g ), and resistance of the grain boundary ( R g ). To improve interpretation of the results, an in-depth analysis of the behavior of the electric transport was conducted. As a result, the correlated barrier hopping (CBH) conduction mechanism was shown to be the most suitable predominant conduction mechanism.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Impedance Spectroscopy and Dielectric Relaxation of Imidazole-Substituted Palladium(II) Phthalocyanine (ImPdPc) for Organic Solar Cells

et al. 2021

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“…This plot determines the type of conduction mechanisms in the sample. The values of s increased with absolute temperature in the first temperature region, pointing to the small polaron (SP) hopping conduction mechanism [28,63,64], and for 1\s 1 \2 values it may be attributed to a welllocalized hopping and/or reorientation motion [65,66]. At high temperatures, correlated barrier hopping (CBH) is the main conduction mechanism.…”

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confidence: 99%

Improvement of ferroelectric properties via Zr doping in barium titanate nanoparticles

Reda

El-Dek

Arman

2022

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

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Barium titanate is still the prototype of a piezoelectric crystalline material that has attracted many researchers and industrial partners to use. A modified citrate method was used to create barium titanate nanoparticles BaTi1−xZrxO3. The samples were crystallized in a single-phase tetragonal structure, as revealed using X-ray powder diffraction. The crystallite size decreases with increasing Zr concentration. Fourier-transform infrared spectra showed the main absorption bands of the samples BaTi1−xZrxO3. Field emission scanning electron microscopy micrographs illustrate that the doped sample BaTi0.9Zr0.1O3 is more porous and finer than the parent. For low Zr doping concentrations (x = 0.1), the ferroelectric properties of barium titanate are improved. The conduction mechanisms in the samples are small polaron hopping and correlated barrier hopping. The Zr/Ti ratio is a crucial parameter for tailoring the ferroelectric–paraelectric phase transition.

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Advanced microfluidic devices for fabricating multi‐structural hydrogel microsphere

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2021

Exploration

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Hydrogel microspheres are a novel functional material, arousing much attention in various fields. Microfluidics, a technology that controls and manipulates fluids at the micron scale, has emerged as a promising method for fabricating hydrogel microspheres due to its ability to generate uniform microspheres with controlled geometry. With the development of microfluidic devices, more complicated hydrogel microspheres with multiple structures can be constructed. This review presents an overview of advances in microfluidics for designing and engineering hydrogel microspheres. It starts with an introduction to the features of hydrogel microspheres and microfluidic techniques, followed by a discussion of material selection for fabricating microfluidic devices. Then the progress of microfluidic devices for single-component and composite hydrogel microspheres is described, and the method for optimizing microfluidic devices is also given. Finally, this review discusses the key research directions and applications of microfluidics for hydrogel microsphere in the future.

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Temperature and frequency effect on the electrical properties of bulk nickel phthalocyanine octacarboxylic acid (Ni-Pc(COOH)8)

Cited by 25 publications

References 50 publications

Impedance Spectroscopy and Dielectric Relaxation of Imidazole-Substituted Palladium(II) Phthalocyanine (ImPdPc) for Organic Solar Cells

Impedance Spectroscopy and Dielectric Relaxation of Imidazole-Substituted Palladium(II) Phthalocyanine (ImPdPc) for Organic Solar Cells

Improvement of ferroelectric properties via Zr doping in barium titanate nanoparticles

Advanced microfluidic devices for fabricating multi‐structural hydrogel microsphere

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