“…The protective passive layer on ferritic Fe-Cr steel consists of a mixed film of iron-and chromium oxides such as (Fe,Cr) 2 O 3 and (Fe,Cr) 3 O 4 (Olsson & Landolt, 2003), with a thickness of the order of several nanometers (Olefjord & Fischmeister, 1975;Jin & Atrens, 1990;Ramachandran et al, 2016). At high temperatures, the thickness of this layer can reach the sub-millimeter range, as seen on steel exposed to steam at 600°C (Pujilaksono et al, 2011;Jonsson et al, 2013Jonsson et al, , 2016, 700°C (Yuan et al, 2016), and 1,000°C (Saeki et al, 1998).…”