Telocytes constitute a widespread interstitial meshwork in the lamina propria and underlying striated muscle of human tongue

Rosa, Irene; Taverna, Cecilia; Novelli, Luca; Marini, Mirca; Ibba‐Manneschi, Lidia; Manetti, Mirko

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-42415-3

Cited by 30 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…TCs from virtually all human tissues reported so far, are consistently positive for CD34 glycoprotein. Thus, they are also referred to as TCs/CD34+ stromal cells [6,8,68]. Consistently, CD34+ TCs are also reported in other mammals, amphibia and reptiles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Identification of Telocytes in the Pancreas of Turtles—A role in Cellular Communication

Gandahi

Ding

Shi

et al. 2020

IJMS

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The existence of telocytes (TCs) has not yet been established in the pancreases of aquatic reptiles. Here, we report TCs in the exocrine pancreas of Pelodiscus sinensis using transmission electron microscope (TEM), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence (IF) techniques. TCs surrounded the acini and ducts of the connective tissue of the exocrine pancreas and between lobules and gland cells. The cells were located preferably close to the blood vessels, interlobular ducts, and nerve fibers. Ultrastructurally, TCs exhibited small and large bodies with thick and thin portions, podoms, and podomers, and prolongations that form dichotomous branching with hetero-cellular and homo-cellular junctions. The podom (thick) portions showed caveolae, mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and vesicles. The nucleus carries heterochromatin and is irregular in shape. The shape of TCs depends on the number of telopodes (Tps) bearing long, short, spindle, triangular, and “beads on a string” shapes with twisted, tortuous prolongations and ramifications. Shed extracellular vesicles and exosomes were found frequently released from projections and Tps within connective tissue in the vicinity of the acini and collagen fibers. IHC and IF results showed CD34+, α-SMA+, and vimentin+, long and triangle-shaped TCs, consistent with the TEM findings. The presence of shaded vesicles from TCs might implicate their possible role in immune surveillance, tissue regeneration as well as regulatory functions in the reptilian pancreas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Identification of Telocytes in the Pancreas of Turtles—A role in Cellular Communication

Gandahi

Ding

Shi

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…TCs are identified in a wide variety of organs from diverse species including mammals 8 – 11 , avian 12 , 13 , reptiles 14 , Amphibians 15 and aquatic species 16 , 17 and parasitic worm 18 . They are located in the trachea and lungs 19 , heart 20 and the blood vessels 21 , kidney, ureter, urinary bladder 22 , tongue 23 , oesophagus, stomach and small and large intestines 24 , liver , pancreas 14 , testis 25 , prostate 26 , efferent ductules 27 ovaries, oviducts, uterus, vagina, mammary glands and placenta 26 , spleen 8 , 28 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and immunohistochemical phenotype of TCs in the intestinal bulb of Grass carp and their potential role in intestinal immunity

Abd‐Elhafeez

Abou-Elhamd

Soliman

2020

Sci Rep

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the current study investigated telocytes (tcs) in the intestinal bulb of Grass carp using light microscopy (LM), transmission electron microscopy (teM), scanning electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry (iHc). By LM, tcs were distinguished by the typical morphological features that had a cell body and telopodes using He, toluidine blue, methylene blue, Marsland silver stain, Grimelius's silver nitrate, Giemsa, PAS, combined AB pH2,5/PAS, Crossmon's and Mallory triple trichrome, Van Gieson stains, Verhoeff's stain, Sudan black, osmic acid, performic acid with methylene blue and bromophenol blue. TCs were identified under the epithelium as an individual cell or formed a TCs sheath. They detected in the lamina propria, between muscle fibers, around the myenteric plexus and fibrous tissue. TCs acquired immunological features of endocrine cells that exhibited high affinity for silver stain, performic acid with methylene blue, Marsland stain, and immunohistochemical staining using chromogranin A. Sub epithelial tcs were closely related to the endocrine cells. tcs and their secretory activities were recognized using acridine orange. TCs were identified by IHC using CD34, CD117, S100-protein, desmin. TCs formed a3D network that established contact with macrophage, mast cells, dendritic cells, lymphocytes, smooth muscle fibers, fibroblast, Schwann cells and nerve fibers. In conclusion, the localization of TCs in relation to different types of immune cells indicated their potential role in the maintenance of intestinal immunity. Interstitial cells have critical roles in the maintenance of the appropriate 3D scaffold and functional requirements of the organs. Telocytes (TCs) are the cell population that forms a network through a labyrinthine system formed by telopodes. They are long and slender prolongations reached up to hundreds of microns. Telopodes are identified by their segments; the thin segment, podomer and the thick segment, the podoms. TCs established contact to other resident cells or to wandering cells via their telopodes or via the cell body. Telopodes network provide-long-distance cell-cell signaling (intercellular communication) 1. Paracrine signaling is critical for TCS function. TCs produce several secretory molecules and factors contributing to the functional significance.Gene analysis 2 and proteomics analysis 3 are investigated for TCs. The functional contributions of TCS are supposed to be related to angiogenesis 4 , and development, maintenance of homeostatic balance 4 , immunosurveillance 5 , tissue regeneration and repair through providing adequate microenvironment for stem cell niche and promoting their differentiation 6,7. TCs are identified in a wide variety of organs from diverse species including mammals 8-11 , avian 12,13 , reptiles 14 , Amphibians 15 and aquatic species 16,17 and parasitic worm 18. They are located in the trachea and lungs 19 , heart 20 and the blood vessels 21 , kidney, ureter, urinary bladder 22 , tongue 23 , oesophagus, stomach and small and large

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“…Telocytes are interstitial cells of stromal origin with an oval shape, and a heterochromatic nucleus with moniliform projections denominated telopodes, which characterize its morphological classification according to the number of projections 9 , 10 . They are founded in the interstitium of tissues such as the testicle 9 , smooth and cardiac muscle 11 , human tongue 10 , pancreas 12 , and liver 13 . It can be identified by the electronic microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and CD34+/immunostaining 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myotendinous junction adaptations to ladder-based resistance training: identification of a new telocyte niche

Neto

Rocha

Barbosa

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The present study shows chronic adjustments in the myotendinous junction (MTJ) in response to different ladder-based resistance training (LRT) protocols. Thirty adult male Wistar rats were divided into groups: sedentary (S), calisthenics (LRT without additional load [C]), and resistance-trained (LRT with extra weight [R]). We demonstrated longer lengths of sarcoplasmatic invaginations in the trained groups; however, evaginations were seen mainly in group R. We showed a greater thickness of sarcoplasmatic invaginations in groups C and R, in addition to greater evaginations in R. We also observed thinner basal lamina in trained groups. The support collagen layer (SCL) adjacent to the MTJ and the diameters of the transverse fibrils were larger in R. We also discovered a niche of telocytes in the MTJ with electron micrographs of the plantar muscle and with immunostaining with CD34+ in the gastrocnemius muscle near the blood vessels and pericytes. We concluded that the continuous adjustments in the MTJ ultrastructure were the result of tissue plasticity induced by LRT, which is causally related to muscle hypertrophy and, consequently, to the remodeling of the contact interface. Also, we reveal the existence of a collagen layer adjacent to MTJ and discover a new micro anatomic location of telocytes. The myotendinous junction (MTJ) consists of a highly specific anatomical region in which the sarcoplasmatic membranes connect to bundles of extracellular matrix (ECM) collagen fibers 1. Due to its functionality, MTJ represents the region with the highest transmission of force 2,3. Morphologically, MTJ presents projections that penetrate the muscle tissue, parallel and directed to the myofibrils, forming sarcoplasmatic invaginations. Currently, we know that its development is mainly influenced by the interactions between myoblasts and ECM elements 4,5. The basal lamina of muscle fiber creates a supramolecular connection structure composed of different levels of proteins from the laminin and collagen polymers located in the ECM 6. This arrangement contributes structurally to the transmission of force, adapting, remodeling, and consequently affecting the macroscopic tendon structure to different stimuli 7,8. Initially, telocytes were described as interstitial Cajal cells 9. Telocytes are interstitial cells of stromal origin with an oval shape, and a heterochromatic nucleus with moniliform projections denominated telopodes, which characterize its morphological classification according to the number of projections 9,10. They are founded in the interstitium of tissues such as the testicle 9 , smooth and cardiac muscle 11 , human tongue 10 , pancreas 12 , and liver 13. It can be identified by the electronic microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and CD34+/immunostaining 14. Recently, telocytes have been found in proximity to and engaging in possible interactions with satellite cells 10. The telocytes projections have terminals (pods) with mitochondria that form junctions with adjacent cells, and they have caveolae that perform exocytos...

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Telocytes constitute a widespread interstitial meshwork in the lamina propria and underlying striated muscle of human tongue

Cited by 30 publications

References 62 publications

Identification of Telocytes in the Pancreas of Turtles—A role in Cellular Communication

Identification of Telocytes in the Pancreas of Turtles—A role in Cellular Communication

Morphological and immunohistochemical phenotype of TCs in the intestinal bulb of Grass carp and their potential role in intestinal immunity

Myotendinous junction adaptations to ladder-based resistance training: identification of a new telocyte niche

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