Teleoperation of all-terrain robot using continuous acquisition of three-dimensional environment under time-delayed narrow bandwidth communication

Abstract

Mobile rescue robots used in search and rescue missions must be able to navigate in unknown environments and map these environments. In such situations, three-dimensional (3D) data obtained by a laser range finder is very useful for supporting teleoperation of robots to locate victims and aid rescue crews in devising rescue strategies. However, when using conventional scanning systems to obtain such 3D data, the operators must wait for a few seconds and halt the operation of the rescue robot. To solve this time-loss-problem, our research group proposed a continuous acquisition system for acquiring 3D environment data for tracked vehicles using the 3D odometry with gyroscope. In locomotion issues, actuated subtracks, attached at the front and the back of the main body to improve stability of the robot, are commonly used to navigate on rough terrains, overcome large obstacles, and maneuver up or down stairs. However, managing actuated subtracks is difficult for the operator because only a small amount of information about the robot pose and environment is available. To assist the operators, our research group developed an autonomous control system based on the terrain data obtained using laser range finders for actuated sub-tracks. In this study, on the basis of the above systems, we developed a teleoperation system for mobile robots that functions effectively under conditions of time-delayed and narrow bandwidth wireless communication. In this paper, we introduce our teleoperation system and report the results of experiments performed to validate the system.

Obtención de barridos láser 3D nivelados con el robot móvil Andábata en movimiento

“…Los telémetros láser tridimensionales (3D) son sensores que se utilizan con asiduidad para obtener nubes de puntos de la superficie por la que se debe desplazar el vehículo. Así, resulta frecuente emplearlos sobre terreno irregular en áreas de catástrofes [8], zonas naturales [13] o superficies planetarias [11]. Muchos de los sensores láser 3D utilizados en robótica se construyen añadiendo una rotación a un telémetro láser comercial bidimensional (2D).…”

Building Fuzzy Elevation Maps from a Ground-Based 3D Laser Scan for Outdoor Mobile Robots

“…In this sense, three-dimensional (3D) laser scans provide valuable information for applications such as planetary exploration [3][4][5] or urban search and rescue [6,7]. However, as point clouds require coping with a huge amount of spatial data, a simplified and compact representation of navigable terrain is necessary for both motion planning [8] and tele-operation [9].…”

Navigability analysis of natural terrains with fuzzy elevation maps from ground-based 3D range scans

“…Three-dimensional (3D) point clouds provide valuable information in mobile robotics applications such as planetary exploration [1] [2] [3] [4], urban search and rescue [5] [6], and navigation on natural terrain [7]. However, as point cloud maps require coping with a huge amount of spatial information [8] [9], a simplified and compact representation of navigable terrain is necessary for motion planning [1] or tele-operation [10].…”