Tectonic and stratigraphic evolution of the Sarulla graben geothermal area, North Sumatra, Indonesia

Hickman, Robert G.; Dobson, Patrick; Gerven, M. van; Sagala, Birean; Gunderson, R.P.

doi:10.1016/s1367-9120(03)00155-x

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…(a) Comparison of reliable Sumatran Fault geological slip rates [ Hickman et al ., ; Ito et al ., ; this study] with the predicted slip rate variation estimated from block modeling and a local frictional balance model. The geological and geodetic slip rates are most compatible with a uniform slip rate model, implying that the Sumatran fore arc has not undergone significant trench‐parallel stretching during at least the last 100 kyr.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because the Sunda megathrust and Sumatran Fault together accommodate nearly the full budget of oblique plate convergence, the Mentawai Fault and other steeply dipping, trench-parallel fore-arc faults do not have Figure 11. (a) Comparison of reliable Sumatran Fault geological slip rates [Hickman et al, 2004;Ito et al, 2012; this study] with the predicted slip rate variation estimated from block modeling and a local frictional balance model. The geological and geodetic slip rates are most compatible with a uniform slip rate model, implying that the Sumatran fore arc has not undergone significant trench-parallel stretching during at least the last 100 kyr.…”

Section: Fore-arc Rheology and Fault Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implications of the diffuse deformation of the Indian Ocean lithosphere for slip partitioning of oblique plate convergence in Sumatra

et al. 2017

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Oblique plate convergence between Indian Ocean lithosphere and continental crust of the Sunda plate is distributed between subduction on the Sunda megathrust and upper plate strike‐slip faulting on the Sumatran Fault Zone, in a classic example of slip partitioning. Over the last decade, a destructive series of great earthquakes has brought renewed attention to the mechanical properties of these faults and the intervening fore‐arc crustal block. While observations of fore‐arc deformation over the earthquake cycle indicate that the fore‐arc crust is fundamentally elastic, the spatial pattern of slip vector azimuths for earthquakes sourced by rupture of the Sunda megathrust is strongly inconsistent with relative motion of two rigid plates. Permanent and distributed deformation therefore occurs in either the downgoing lithospheric slab or the overriding fore‐arc crust. Previous studies have inferred from geodetic velocities and geological slip rates of the Sumatran Fault that the fore‐arc crust is undergoing rapid trench‐parallel stretching. Using new geological slip rates for the Sumatran Fault and an updated decadal GPS velocity field of Sumatra and the fore‐arc islands, we instead show that permanent deformation within the fore‐arc sliver is minor and that the Sumatran Fault is a plate boundary strike‐slip fault. The kinematic data are best explained by diffuse deformation within the oceanic lithosphere of the Wharton Basin, which accommodates convergence between the Indian and Australian plates and has recently produced several large earthquakes well offshore of Sumatra. The slip partitioning system in Sumatra is fundamentally linked with the mechanical properties of the subducting oceanic lithosphere.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fore-arc Rheology and Fault Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of the diffuse deformation of the Indian Ocean lithosphere for slip partitioning of oblique plate convergence in Sumatra

et al. 2017

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“…The emplacement of magmatic bodies at shallower crustal levels (Pertusati et al 1993;Rossetti et al 1999;Acocella and Rossetti 2002;Dini et al 2005) can produce temperature increases in the host rocks and stimulate the convection of hot fluids, both giving rise to localised heat-flow anomalies (Barbier 2002). Important examples of geothermal areas occurring in extensional settings are the geothermal fields of Yellowstone (Eaton et al 1975, Morgan et al 1977Lucchitta 1990), northern California (Younker et al 1982), the Pannonic Basin (Ravnik et al 1995), the Rhine Graben (Werner and Kahle 1980;Brun et al 1992), the Indonesian Sarulla Graben (Hickman et al 2004) and Taupo Volcanic Zone (Evison et al 1976, Wood 1992Spinks et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The structure of the Monte Amiata volcano-geothermal area (Northern Apennines, Italy): Neogene-Quaternary compression versus extension

Brogi

2007

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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“…Other volcanic areas host calderas (as Ranau caldera; Bellier and Sébrier, 1994;Natawidjaja et al, 2017), stratovolcanoes (between 600 and 3800 m high), domes and geothermal activity (Gasparon, 2005). The latter includes the Sarulla graben (Hickman et al, 2004) and the Tarutung and Silangkitang geothermal areas, where the fluid pathways are related to pull-aparts (Muksin et al, 2013(Muksin et al, , 2014, negative flowers (Nukman and Moeck, 2013) and subvertical (Moore et al, 2001) splays of the GSF. In the latter case, the geothermal reservoir appears centered along the fault zone, where the highly fractured and hydrothermally altered rocks serve as main conduits for vertical fluid flow from deeper magmatic sources (Moore et al, 2001).…”

Section: Tectonic Setting Of Sumatramentioning

confidence: 99%

Weak Tectono-Magmatic Relationships along an Obliquely Convergent Plate Boundary: Sumatra, Indonesia

et al. 2018

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The tectono-magmatic relationships along obliquely convergent plate boundaries, where strain partitioning promotes strike-slip structures along the volcanic arc, are poorly known. Here it is unclear if and, in case, how the strike-slip structures control volcanic processes, distribution and size. To better define the possible tectono-magmatic relationships along strike-slip arcs, we merge available information on the case study of Sumatra (Indonesia) with field structural data. The Sumatra arc (entire volcanic belt) consists of 48 active volcanoes. Of these, 46% lie within 10 km from the dextral Great Sumatra Fault (GSF), which carries most horizontal displacement on the overriding plate, whereas 27% lie at >20 km from the GSF. Among the volcanoes at <10 km from GSF, 48% show a possible structural relation to the GSF, whereas only 28% show a clear structural relation, lying in pull-aparts or releasing bends; these localized areas of transtension (local extensional zone) do not develop magmatic segments. There is no relation between the GSF along-strike slip rate variations and the volcanic productivity. The preferred N30 • -N40 • E volcano alignment and elongation are subparallel to the convergence vector or to the GSF. The structural field data, collected in the central and southern GSF, show, in addition to the dextral motions along NW-SE to N-S striking faults, also normal motions (extending WNW-ESE or NE-SW), suggesting local reactivations of the GSF. Overall, the collected data suggest a limited tectonic control on arc volcanism. The tectonic control is mostly expressed by the mean depth of the slab surface below the volcanoes (130 ± 20 km) and, subordinately, local extension along the GSF. The latter, when WNW-ESE oriented (more common), may be associated with the overall tectonic convergence, as suggested by the structural data; conversely, when NE-SW oriented (less common), the extension may result from co-and post-seismic arc normal extension, as supported by the 2004 mega-earthquake measurements. Overall, the strike-slip arc of Sumatra has intermediate features between those of extensional and contractional arcs.

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Tectonic and stratigraphic evolution of the Sarulla graben geothermal area, North Sumatra, Indonesia

Cited by 23 publications

References 21 publications

Implications of the diffuse deformation of the Indian Ocean lithosphere for slip partitioning of oblique plate convergence in Sumatra

Implications of the diffuse deformation of the Indian Ocean lithosphere for slip partitioning of oblique plate convergence in Sumatra

The structure of the Monte Amiata volcano-geothermal area (Northern Apennines, Italy): Neogene-Quaternary compression versus extension

Weak Tectono-Magmatic Relationships along an Obliquely Convergent Plate Boundary: Sumatra, Indonesia

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