“…Narsa Goud (2022) came to similar conclusions by studying the 220 nonfinancial listed companies in India. Besides, an increasing number of studies also investigated the impacts of economic growth (Wang et al, 2019;Ding et al, 2020), industrial structure (Abudureheman et al, 2023b;Honma et al, 2023), population density (Hong et al, 2022), digital economy (Wu et al, 2021;Zhao et al, 2023), carbon market (Torres and Pinho, 2011;Zhou et al, 2022) and green innovations (Xu et al, 2021b;Chen et al, 2021) on carbon emission performance, however, it is worth noting that very few studies have paid attention to the potential impacts of energy-saving R&D, as a main source of energy technology progress, on urban carbon emission performance and its internal transmission mechanism, especially for the case of China.…”