Technological aids for improving longitudinal research on substance use disorders

Farabee, David; Schulte, Marya T.; Gonzales, Rachel; Grella, Christine E.

doi:10.1186/s12913-016-1630-0

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…In a previous study from our group, a single dose of nicotine only affected brain signals, but not discounting, in non-smokers (Kobiella et al, 2014 ). As a meta-analysis did not render conclusive results regarding changes during abstinence (Hughes, Dash, and Callas, 2015 ), calls for more longitudinal studies arose (Barlow, McKee, Reeves, Galea, and Stuckler, 2016 ; Cosgrove, 2016 ; Farabee, Schulte, Gonzales, and Grella, 2016 ), so that the effect of smoking cessation on temporal discounting would become clear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal discounting and smoking cessation: choice consistency predicts nicotine abstinence in treatment-seeking smokers

et al. 2020

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Introduction Smokers discount delayed rewards steeper than non-smokers or ex-smokers, possibly due to neuropharmacological effects of tobacco on brain circuitry, or lower abstinence rates in smokers with steep discounting. To delineate both theories from each other, we tested if temporal discounting, choice inconsistency, and related brain activity in treatment-seeking smokers (1) are higher compared to non-smokers, (2) decrease after smoking cessation, and (3) predict relapse. Methods At T1, 44 dependent smokers, 29 non-smokers, and 30 occasional smokers underwent fMRI while performing an intertemporal choice task. Smokers were measured before and 21 days after cessation if abstinent from nicotine. In total, 27 smokers, 28 non-smokers, and 29 occasional smokers were scanned again at T2. Discounting rate k and inconsistency var(k) were estimated with Bayesian analysis. Results First, k and var(k) in smokers in treatment were not higher than in non-smokers or occasional smokers. Second, neither k nor var(k) changed after smoking cessation. Third, k did not predict relapse, but high var(k) was associated with relapse during treatment and over 6 months. Brain activity in valuation and decision networks did not significantly differ between groups and conditions. Conclusion Our data from treatment-seeking smokers do not support the pharmacological hypothesis of pronounced reversible changes in discounting behavior and brain activity, possibly due to limited power. Behavioral data rather suggest that differences between current and ex-smokers might be due to selection. The association of choice consistency and treatment outcome possibly links consistent intertemporal decisions to remaining abstinent.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal discounting and smoking cessation: choice consistency predicts nicotine abstinence in treatment-seeking smokers

et al. 2020

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“…These family connections, which are an integral part of COGA's design, helped counterbalance the constraints imposed by the short time frame of the pilot study, as well as the challenges associated with following subjects with a history of alcohol dependence. As suggested by others (Faden et al., ; Farabee et al., ; Stouthamer‐Loeber et al., ), investigators conducting follow‐up studies with long latencies may benefit from utilizing a multipronged approach that includes family connections, when available. Two of the baseline factors that were negatively associated with locating subjects—a prior history of other substance use disorders and ASPD—are consistent with other studies (c.f., Koloski et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pilot Follow‐Up Study of Older Alcohol‐Dependent COGA Adults

Chan

Kramer

Schuckit

et al. 2019

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background: Alcohol consumption and problems are increasing among older adults, who are at elevated risk for alcohol-related accidents and medical problems. This paper describes a pilot follow-up of older adults with a history of alcohol dependence that was designed to determine the feasibility of conducting a more extensive investigation.Methods: The sample consisted of previously assessed subjects in the Collaborative Studies on the Genetics of Alcoholism who: (i) were age 50+; (ii) had lifetime DSM-IV AD; and (iii) had DNA available. Individuals were located through family contacts, Internet searches, and death registries. A brief telephone interview assessed demographics, health, and alcohol involvement.Results: Of the total sample (N = 2,174), 36% were contacted, 24% were deceased, and 40% were not yet located. Most (89%) contacted subjects were interviewed, and 99% of them agreed to future evaluation. Thirty percent of interviewed subjects reported abstinence for 10+ years, 56% reported drinking within the past year, and 14% last drank between >1 and 10 years ago. There were no age-related past-year differences in weekly consumption (overall sample mean: 16 drinks), number of drinking weeks (30.8), maximum number of drinks in 24 hours (8.1), or prevalence of weekly risky drinking (19%). Among those who drank within the past 5 years, the 3 most common alcohol-related problems were spending excessive time drinking or recovering (49%), drinking more/longer than intended (35%), and driving while intoxicated (35%); and about a third (32%) received some form of treatment.Conclusions: Over a 1-year period, we located 60% of individuals last seen an average of 23 years ago. The majority of contacted individuals were interviewed and willing to be evaluated again. Although the proportion of individuals currently drinking diminished with age, subjects exhibited troublesome levels of alcohol consumption and problems. Our findings suggest the importance and feasibility of a more comprehensive follow-up.

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“…Additionally, we might consider using periodic SMS notifications to 1) keep communication open and 2) facilitate locating respondents for the subsequent round. The use of SMS has become increasingly popular in public health research (Berkman et al 2011; Betjeman, Soghoian, and Foran 2013; Farabee et al 2016) but SMS use is still lagging in social science.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring extended families over time in informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya: Retention and data consistency in a two-round survey

Madhavan

Béguy

Clark

et al. 2018

DemRes

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BACKGROUND Researchers have increasingly turned to longitudinal data to understand how the family environment of children changes over time and how this change affects their well-being. While the value of such efforts is clear, the inherent challenges of collecting robust data over time may limit or bias our understanding of family complexity. OBJECTIVE Drawing on data from an exploratory study on kinship structure and support for low income single mothers and their young children in Nairobi, Kenya, this paper aims to (1) assess the strengths and weaknesses of our approach in reflecting the complexities of kinship dynamics and (2) analyze how methodological issues such as selection and reporting inconsistency can influence our understanding of the role of kin in children’s lives. METHODS The analysis used data from two waves of the Kinship Support Tree (KST) project. The starting sample consisted of 462 single mothers with at least one child under the age of 7, with data collected on approximately 5,000 resident and nonresident kin. Descriptive statistics and conventional tests of significance were used to analyze selection factors and inconsistencies in reporting across waves. RESULTS The study yielded a 91% retention rate after six months and the analysis provides some assurance that selectivity from attrition and reporting inconsistency are not entirely driven by shifts in support provision by kin. However, the selectivity of the sample underscores caution in generalizing the results. CONCLUSIONS While the challenges of conducting follow-up surveys such as the KST are serious, these findings suggest that it is possible to collect consistent data on kinship structure and support from the perspective of children in a mobile population. Tracking kinship structure over time using the KST is not only feasible but more importantly is unlikely to lead to incomplete or biased understanding of kinship. CONTRIBUTION After further testing with a wider range of women, we hope to disseminate our results for use in a wide range of contexts both in and out of Africa. We believe this data is vital to designing appropriate interventions to improve the well-being of children growing up in these communities.

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Technological aids for improving longitudinal research on substance use disorders

Cited by 10 publications

References 73 publications

Temporal discounting and smoking cessation: choice consistency predicts nicotine abstinence in treatment-seeking smokers

Temporal discounting and smoking cessation: choice consistency predicts nicotine abstinence in treatment-seeking smokers

A Pilot Follow‐Up Study of Older Alcohol‐Dependent COGA Adults

Measuring extended families over time in informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya: Retention and data consistency in a two-round survey

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