Techno-Economic Optimization of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic (PV) and Battery Systems Based on Maximum Demand Reduction (MDRed) Modelling in Malaysia

Subramani, Gopinath; Ramachandaramurthy, Vigna K.; Sanjeevikumar, P.; Holm‐Nielsen, Jens Bo; Blaabjerg, Frede; Leonowicz, Zbigniew; Kostyła, Paweł

doi:10.3390/en12183531

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Power generation from renewable sources (RES) during the day on February 5, 2019 with installed capacity of 75 GW is plotted in Figure 2. This graph is similar to the ones obtained at other locations 8‐10 . With such a generational pattern through the day, the renewables cannot meet either the morning or the evening peak power demand even if the RES installed capacity is increased to 175 GW.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 81%

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Preliminary assessment of viability of molten‐salt tower technology

Ramasesha

2020

Int J Energy Res

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India has incorporated renewable energy sources like solar and wind in its energy mix in order to achieve its ambitious plan to set up 175 GW of renewable energy by 2022 to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases. Among the solar technologies for power generation, solar photovoltaic (SPV) is considered and large SPV parks are deployed around the country. Some of the drawbacks of deploying large-scale SPV parks are discussed in the manuscript. Because of the intermittency of SPV and wind, there is a backup resource of fossil fuel fired thermal plants that are ramped up or down to meet the electricity demand in the grid, especially the peak demand. The manuscript proposes that India has to consider solar thermal technology that can be ramped up and down, namely, the molten-salt solar tower technology (STT). Based on the direct solar irradiance data there are about 6000 sq. km of land with 7.5 to 8.0 kWh/m 2 /day and about 12 000 sq. km with 7.0 to 7.5 kWh/m 2 /day where such STT plants can be set up. Cost analysis demonstrates that the capital cost of STT plant is roughly ₹ 389 million per MW. This is quite competitive compared to the nuclear and coal thermal technologies because these technologies have high operational costs.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…This graph is similar to the ones obtained at other locations. [8][9][10] With such a generational pattern through the day, the renewables cannot meet either the morning or the evening peak power demand even if the RES installed capacity is increased to 175 GW. Storing energy in batteries and using during peak hours is an expensive option.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary assessment of viability of molten‐salt tower technology

Ramasesha

2020

Int J Energy Res

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“…In [18], two system configurations were optimally sized for a grid-connected house (GCH) in Australia. In [19], a Malaysian case study was considered for optimal sizing of PV and BESS on the basis of maximum load reduction modelling.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Sizing of Rooftop PV and Battery Storage for Grid-Connected Houses Considering Flat and Time-of-Use Electricity Rates

et al. 2021

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This paper investigates a comparative study for practical optimal sizing of rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage systems (BESSs) for grid-connected houses (GCHs) by considering flat and time-of-use (TOU) electricity rate options. Two system configurations, PV only and PV-BESS, were optimally sized by minimizing the net present cost of electricity for four options of electricity rates. A practical model was developed by considering grid constraints, daily supply of charge of electricity, salvation value and degradation of PV and BESS, actual annual data of load and solar, and current market price of components. A rule-based energy management system was examined for GCHs to control the power flow among PV, BESS, load, and grid. Various sensitivity analyses are presented to examine the impacts of grid constraint and electricity rates on the cost of electricity and the sizes of the components. Although the capacity optimization model is generally developed for any case study, a grid-connected house in Australia is considered as the case system in this paper. It is found that the TOU-Flat option for the PV-BESS configuration achieved the lowest NPC compared to other configuration and options. The optimal capacities of rooftop PV and BESS were obtained as 9 kW and 6 kWh, respectively, for the PV-BESS configuration with TOU-Flat according to two performance metrices: net present cost and cost of electricity.

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“…Hernández et al (2019) and Cucchiella et al, (2015) also used fixed prices for Spain and Italy respectively, but it is questionable since other studies use variable prices for these countries (Gonzalez et al, 2015;González et al, 2018). Variable prices for energy bought to the grid are used for Malaysia (Subramani et al, 2019) but with no possibility to sold energy to the grid. A mix of fixed and variable prices are applicable in Shangaï (Liao et al, 2019) and with restrictions in France (Rigo-Mariani, 2014).…”

Section: Literature Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%