Techniques of Ozone Monitoring in a Mountain Forest Region: Passive and Continuous Sampling, Vertical and Canopy Profiles

Gerosa, Giacomo; Mazzali, Cristina; Ballarin-Denti, A.

doi:10.1100/tsw.2001.84

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Thanks to the monitoring campaigns performed in previous years [8,15], a series of data sets dating back to 1998 and earlier were available as continuous hourly measurements from analysers and from passive samplers at the same sites. These values have been used to improve the AOT40 assessment.…”

Section: Aot40 Mapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ozone Risk Assessment and Mapping in the Alps Based on Data from Passive Samplers

Mazzali¹,

Angelino

Gerosa

et al. 2002

The Scientific World JOURNAL

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Passive samplers (diffusion tubes with organic reagent, produced by Passam of Switzerland) were used in a sampling campaign for the detection of weekly mean ozone concentrations in 15 sites over a domain of 80 × × × × 40 km on the southern side of the European Alps from May to August 1998. The area is characterized by vast natural terrain of complex topography, with conifer and broadleaf forests. It is difficult to access and monitor air quality there with continuous analysers. By applying geostatistical techniques (ordinary kriging), and correcting the interpolated ozone concentrations according to the altitude of each single grid cell (2 × × × × 2 km), maps of weekly ozone concentrations were produced. The weekly ozone data were used to assess daily and hourly data by means of an iterative procedure based on a functional dependence of ozone concentrations both on altitude and on the time of day. This allowed the estimation of values with an exposure index such as AOT40 (accumulated exposure over the threshold of 40 ppb) in all 800 cells of the domain. This also allowed the mapping of risk assessment related to the effects of ozone on the regional forest vegetation. Results obtained show values that exceed the exposure standards adopted in the Kuopio protocol (1996). Excess exposure values also match values calculated over a wider territorial domain by using hourly data on ozone concentration derived from continuous automatic analysers.KEY WORDS: ozone, risk assessment, Alps, forests, passive samplers, exposure indices, AOT40, geostatistics DOMAINS: atmospheric systems, ecosystems and communities, environmental toxicology, environmental technology, environmental management and policy, ecosystems management, environmental monitoring, environmental modelling, information management Mazzali et al.: Ozone Risk Assessment by Passive Sampling TheScientificWorldJOURNAL (2002) 2, 1023-1035 1024 INTRODUCTIONThe growing stress of high ozone levels in alpine forest ecosystems faces us with the need to perform risk assessment for specific receptors to allow for the protection of the ecological, economic, and aesthetic values of vegetation. During the assessment of dose-response relationship of vegetation to ozone exposure, investigators concentrated on the use of indices to quantify the exposure. Several studies have dealt with both definition and assessment of these indices, taking into account the most harmful pollution levels for vegetation [1,2]. The most frequently used exposure indices attribute different weights to high and low ozone concentrations; these indices include SUM x (sum of the hourly concentrations beyond the x threshold), AOT x (sum of the differences between hourly concentrations and the x threshold), W y (sum of the hourly concentrations weighted by means of sigma functions indicated by the value of y), and AL y (sum of the hourly concentrations weighted by means of allometric functions indicated by the value of y) [3].According to some indices, literature supplies potential damage thresholds (crit...

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Section: Aot40 Mapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of hourly ozone concentration data from some monitoring stations supplied with continuous analysers for 1998 were considered but not used to date [15]. These data allowed the calculation of AOT40 w values for the weeks considered.…”

Section: Aot40 Mapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone Risk Assessment and Mapping in the Alps Based on Data from Passive Samplers

Mazzali¹,

Angelino

Gerosa

et al. 2002

The Scientific World JOURNAL

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Ozone monitoring in a Mediterranean forest using diffusive and continuous sampling

et al. 2004

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Ambient ozone was measured in a forest in Castelporziano (Italy) characterised by the prevailing presence of Holm-oak trees (Quercus ilex L.) from June to November 2003. Two methods for measuring ozone were used: long-term monitoring using diffusive samplers at three heights within the canopy, and continuous monitoring at two heights using the UV method. Results for one week mean ozone levels above and below the canopy from the diffusive samplers were compared to those obtained using the automatic analyser at the same levels. A good correlation between the two sampling techniques was found. Continuous monitoring showed a daily cycle with a midday maximum and a nocturnal minimum. While the forest floor consistently had the lowest ozone concentration, there were no differences during most daytime hours. The midday maximum is clearly due to downward mixing with O3-rich air from above. The night-time ozone decay within the canopy is the result of dry deposition of O3 and most likely due to reaction with biogenically produced NO. AOT40 within and above the canopy mostly exceeded the critical levels.

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Spatial and temporal trends of ozone distribution in the Jizerské hory Mountains of the Czech Republic

Hůnová

Stoklasová

Schovánková

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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We present results of the 5-year monitoring of ambient O3 concentrations in a Central European medium altitude mountain forested area. O3 levels were measured at 11 sites between 714 and 1000 m a.s.l. in 2006-2010 vegetation seasons using Ogawa diffusive samplers. Our results reveal that O3 exposure in the Jizerské hory Mts. was relatively high and comparable with polluted sites in Southern Europe and in higher altitudes. O3 concentrations differed significantly between individual sites and in individual years. O3 concentrations showed clear dependence on altitude at sites with similar aspect. Its gradient for the entire 5-year period under review equaled 3.5 ppb/100 m of altitude, ranging between nearly 5 ppb/100 m of altitude in 2006 and nearly 3 ppb/100 m of altitude in 2010. O3 concentrations at the site with northern aspect were consistently significantly lower than at the site at similar altitude with southern aspect. O3 concentrations measured at the forest edge were consistently lower than those measured at the same site but at the forest clearing. It is evident that the macro-setting of the O3 monitoring site is crucial for obtaining reliable results with high representativeness for the area.

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Techniques of Ozone Monitoring in a Mountain Forest Region: Passive and Continuous Sampling, Vertical and Canopy Profiles

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

Ozone Risk Assessment and Mapping in the Alps Based on Data from Passive Samplers

Ozone Risk Assessment and Mapping in the Alps Based on Data from Passive Samplers

Ozone monitoring in a Mediterranean forest using diffusive and continuous sampling

Spatial and temporal trends of ozone distribution in the Jizerské hory Mountains of the Czech Republic

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