Techniques for Phenotyping the Gut Microbiota Metabolome

Zubeldia‐Varela, Elisa; Raczkowska, Beata Anna; Ferrer, Manuel; Pérez‐Gordo, Marina; Rojo, David

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815249-2.00004-x

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…So far, only studies using genomics (16S rRNA-gene sequencing) and metabolomics (SCFAs detection) have been published, as discussed below. All the omics are based on the analysis of a large volume of data, and they have allowed a paradigmatic change in the development of research strategies [67,[69][70][71]. In this context, a multi-omics approach offers the best opportunity to understand the mechanisms that underlie a disease, giving an overall biological meaning.…”

Section: Gut Microbiota and Omics Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-IgE-Mediated Gastrointestinal Food Protein-Induced Allergic Disorders. Clinical Perspectives and Analytical Approaches

Zubeldia‐Varela

Barker-Tejeda

Blanco-Pérez

et al. 2021

Foods

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Non-IgE-mediated gastrointestinal food allergy (non-IgE-GI-FA) is the name given to a series of pathologies whose main entities are food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP), food protein-induced enteropathy (FPE), and food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES). These are more uncommon than IgE-mediated food allergies, their mechanisms remain largely unknown, and their diagnosis is mainly done by clinical history, due to the lack of specific biomarkers. In this review, we present the latest advances found in the literature about clinical aspects, the current diagnosis, and treatment options of non-IgE-GI-FAs. We discuss the use of animal models, the analysis of gut microbiota, omics techniques, and fecal proteins with a focus on understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of these pathologies and obtaining possible diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers. Finally, we discuss the unmet needs that researchers should tackle to advance in the knowledge of these barely explored pathologies.

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Section: Gut Microbiota and Omics Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-IgE-Mediated Gastrointestinal Food Protein-Induced Allergic Disorders. Clinical Perspectives and Analytical Approaches

Zubeldia‐Varela

Barker-Tejeda

Blanco-Pérez

et al. 2021

Foods

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“…Among the body's microbial ecosystems, the most complex, diverse, and numerous is the one associated with the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), where the density of microorganisms increases from the stomach to the colon [2]. Feces are representative of the microbiota composition of the colon, which, together with their noninvasive collection method, make them the biological sample of election for the study of the gut microbiota [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further Insights into the Gut Microbiota of Cow’s Milk Allergic Infants: Analysis of Microbial Functionality and Its Correlation with Three Fecal Biomarkers

Zubeldia‐Varela

Barker-Tejeda

Mera-Berriatua

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Cow’s milk allergy (CMA) is one of the most prevalent food allergies in children. Several studies have demonstrated that gut microbiota influences the acquisition of oral tolerance to food antigens at initial stages of life. Changes in the gut microbiota composition and/or functionality (i.e., dysbiosis) have been linked to inadequate immune system regulation and the emergence of pathologies. Moreover, omic sciences have become an essential tool for the analysis of the gut microbiota. On the other hand, the use of fecal biomarkers for the diagnosis of CMA has recently been reviewed, with fecal calprotectin, α-1 antitrypsin, and lactoferrin being the most relevant. This study aimed at evaluating functional changes in the gut microbiota in the feces of cow’s milk allergic infants (AI) compared to control infants (CI) by metagenomic shotgun sequencing and at correlating these findings with the levels of fecal biomarkers (α-1 antitrypsin, lactoferrin, and calprotectin) by an integrative approach. We have observed differences between AI and CI groups in terms of fecal protein levels and metagenomic analysis. Our findings suggest that AI have altered glycerophospholipid metabolism as well as higher levels of lactoferrin and calprotectin that could be explained by their allergic status.

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“…This fact and their noninvasive collection method make them the biological sample of choice for the study of the gut microbiota. [4][5][6] Gut microbiota composition changes throughout life. It is thought that 70% of the gut microbiota primary colonization is of maternal origin, 7 and that the first 1,000 days of life, when the body is faced for the first time with external factors, are very important for the development of the intestinal microbiota.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling the Gut Microbiota of Cow’s Milk Allergic Infants, their Mothers and Grandmothers

Mera-Berriatua¹,

Zubeldia‐Varela²,

Martín-Antoniano³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Cow’s Milk Allergy (CMA) is one of the most prevalent food allergies (FA) among infants. Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been related to the development of FA. The primary colonization of the gut microbiota occurs via maternal route. We hypothesized that a longitudinal influence in the composition of the gut microbiota, transmitted from mothers to offspring, could be directly related to CMA development. Methods: 148 faecal samples of 34 CMA and 16 control 0-8 month-old infants and their respective mothers and grandmothers were studied. Gut microbiota was profiled by 16S rRNA gene sequencing using the Illumina MiSeq platform. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis was performed using the DADA2 pipeline. Descriptive statistics of the epidemiological variables of the three generations were analysed. Statistical analyses were performed with R 3.4.0 software. Results : Mothers allergy status and smoking habits of mothers and grandmothers were associated to infant CMA. We found that adult gut microbiota is richer and more diverse than that of infants. Relative abundance of the Prevotellaceae family was significantly different between infant groups, and between hydrolysate-fed and formula-fed infants. Finally, the Bray-Curtis distance between members of the same family was independent of the allergy status. Conclusions: Microbiota from allergic children do not differ from non-allergic at the onset of allergy. Moreover, microbiota inheritance was similar in healthy and allergic infants. Maternal smoking and allergy status were the most significant epidemiological risk factors associated with CMA. Finally, microbiota composition of infants was influenced by diet and allergy status; however, these were confounded variables.

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Techniques for Phenotyping the Gut Microbiota Metabolome

Cited by 4 publications

References 85 publications

Non-IgE-Mediated Gastrointestinal Food Protein-Induced Allergic Disorders. Clinical Perspectives and Analytical Approaches

Non-IgE-Mediated Gastrointestinal Food Protein-Induced Allergic Disorders. Clinical Perspectives and Analytical Approaches

Further Insights into the Gut Microbiota of Cow’s Milk Allergic Infants: Analysis of Microbial Functionality and Its Correlation with Three Fecal Biomarkers

Unravelling the Gut Microbiota of Cow’s Milk Allergic Infants, their Mothers and Grandmothers

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