Technique for the Performance of Repeatable Renal Clearances in the Conscious Male Dog

Abstract

A preparation for performance of renal clearances in the conscious dog is described. The important aspect of the technique is the use of a Pavlov sling and a specially designed restraining apparatus. Of most importance is the use of a 7 French Swan-Ganz balloon-tipped catheter for urinary bladder catheterization. The use of male dogs obviated the need for an episiotomy. No special training of the animals was required. The animals tolerated long-term and repeated catheterization without any evidence of infection or trauma.

Renal function in conscious dogs: Potential effect of gender on measurement

“…Sterile polyfructosan S, an inulin-like substance (Inutest, Laevosan-Gesell-schaft, Linz, Austria) dissolved in physiological saline (2500 mg/dl) was infused intravenously by means of a sterile 50 cc B-D Multifit glass syringe mounted in a series 900 Harvard single syringe infusion/withdrawal pump. To achieve steady-state, a 40-min period [2,9,13,15,18] was divided into two phases: an initial 10-min loading or priming phase in which inulin was administered at 4.0 mg/kg per min to achieve an intended plasma inulin concentration (Pin) of 20 mg/dl, followed by a sustaining inulin infusion of 0.8 mg/kg per min. For infusion purposes during clearance measurement, normal GFR was estimated to be approximately 4.0ml/min per kg, and inulin continued to be infused at the rate of 0.8 mg/kg per min for an additional 60min ("collection period").…”

Mechanism of impaired water excretion in acute right ventricular failure in conscious dogs.

“…7 French catheter was passed via the urethra into the bladder without anesthesia and the balloon was inflated with 1 ml of saline. 21 Initially, 600 ml of isotonic Ringer's lactate solution were infused intravenously over a period of 30 minutes, following which half-isotonic Ringer's lactate was administered at a rate approximately 5 ml above the urine flow rate. Control measurements of cardiac and renal function were performed after a stable hypotonic saline diuresis was achieved, usually after 2-3 hours of continuous infusion.…”