Technique for studying dynamic tensile failure in liquids: application to glycerol

Carlson, G.A.; Henry, Kent

doi:10.1063/1.1662537

Cited by 32 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Their pressure pulses were very similar to those produced by underwater explosions and were obtained by firing a bullet at a steel piston supporting a vertical column of water. They have longer rise-times than underwater explosion pulses but very similar decay-time constants, of the order of 10-3-10-4 s. However, as stated in I, values of tensile strength of the order of tens of atmospheres are in definite disagreement with theory, with the centrifugal and Berthelot tube methods and also with the pulse method of Carlson and Henry (1973) using very much shorter decay times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Low-loss two-channel fiber-optic waveguide

Grudinin¹,

Gur'yanov²,

Dianov³

et al. 1984

Sov. J. Quantum Electron.

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In a recent paper (Temperley and Trevena 1977) it was suggested that metastable effects in liquids, such as tensile strength and superheating, should be interpreted in ternis of a truncated virial series. A review of the experimental evidence showed that there is reasonable agreement between theoretical and experimental results on tensile strength with the exceptions of ultrasonic methods and 'once only' dynamical methods involving reflection of a pressure pulse at a free surface.Evidence is now brought forward to show that the reflection of even a small amplitude pressure pulse at a free surface is accompanied by considerable distortion. An explanation of this fact, and of the low values of tensile strength of water inferred from underwater explosion and similar 'once only' pulses, is suggested in the light of existing ideas about the structure of a liquid surface.It is concluded that there is now no real disagreement between experiment and theory on tensile strength as there are now acceptable explanation? of the low values found from ultrasonic and 'once only' pulse methods.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…A direct comparison is possible between Carlson and Henry's (1973) figure of 600 atm and Bull's (1956) figure of 60 atm. These were both for glycerol but used pulses of widely different time-constants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-loss two-channel fiber-optic waveguide

Grudinin¹,

Gur'yanov²,

Dianov³

et al. 1984

Sov. J. Quantum Electron.

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“…For this purpose focused acoustic fields may be employed, which make it possible to transfer the cavitation zone from the walls of the piezoelectric transducer by reducing its volume to (λ/2) 3 , where λ is the length of the acoustic wave 11,12 and the wave of reflection from the liquid free surface. 13,14 In the present work the pulse method of superheating a liquid on a thin platinum heater in a tension wave 15,16 has been used to investigate the tensile stress of liquid nitrogen. Stretching was created via the reflection of a plane compression wave from a liquid-gas interface.…”

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confidence: 99%

Limiting tensile strength of liquid nitrogen

2016

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The method of pulsed liquid superheating in a tension wave that forms when a compression pulse is reflected from the liquid free surface has been used to investigate the kinetics of spontaneous cavitation in liquid nitrogen. The limiting tensile stress pn of nitrogen corresponding to nucleation rates J = 1020 − 1022 s−1 m−3 and the slope of the temperature dependence of the nucleation rate GT = dlnJ/dT have been determined by experiment. The results of experiments are compared with classical nucleation theory (CNT) and a modified classical nucleation theory (MCNT), which takes into account the size dependence of the properties of a critical bubble. It has been noted that experimental data are in better agreement with the results of MCNT than with those of CNT.

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“…Impulsive tension under shock-wave loading has been used previously to study the cavitation of liquids (glycerol [6][7][8][9], water [10][11][12][13], ethylene glycol [11], ethanol [12], hexane [9] and mercury [14]). It has been shown, in particular, that the kinetics of pore formation and, as a consequence, the nature of the dependence of strength on strain rate are largely determined by the physicochemical properties of the liquids.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Free-surface velocity profiles (8 and 9) and mass-velocity profile(7) in experiment No. 8 (the dashed curves are extrapolations of the free-surface velocity in the absence of cavitation).surface.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impulsive Tension of Ethanol under Shock Loading

Уткин

Sosikov

2005

J Appl Mech Tech Phys

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This paper reports results from experimental studies of the strength of ethanol under impulsive tension due to interaction of a triangular compression pulse with the free surface. The experiments were performed in the range of strain rates 4 · 10 4 -4 · 10 5 sec −1 . It is established that the failure of ethanol is a two-stage process. In the first stage at a negative pressure of about 14 MPa, pore formation begins, which proceeds at a rather low rate and is manifested as an inflection on the free-surface velocity profile. In the second stage, the porosity growth rate increases, resulting in formation of a spalling pulse. The possibility of using the model of homogeneous nucleation to interpret experimental data is discussed.According to theoretical concepts, liquids can endure high tensile stresses of up to 0.1-1 GPa [1][2][3]. It is assumed that discontinuity of the material results from pore formation by a homogeneous nucleation mechanism. At the same time, considerably smaller values are observed [4] in practice under static test conditions, which is explained by the presence of heterogeneous centers in real liquids, at which pore growth is initiated.Conditions of liquid fracture during homogeneous nucleation can be obtained using dynamic tension. In the present study, this is done by analyzing the spalling phenomena involved in the reflection of compression pulses from the free surface of the examined material [5]. An advantage of this method is that at a pulse duration of order of 1 µsec, the fracture is volume (with no effect of the boundaries) and occurs in a thin layer of the material, which considerably reduces the number of heterogeneous centers capable of influencing the fracture of the liquid. In addition, one might expect that precompression in a shock wave leads to partial pore collapse, which also enhances the role of homogeneous nucleation.Impulsive tension under shock-wave loading has been used previously to study the cavitation of liquids (glycerol [6-9], water [10-13], ethylene glycol [11], ethanol [12], hexane [9] and mercury [14]). It has been shown, in particular, that the kinetics of pore formation and, as a consequence, the nature of the dependence of strength on strain rate are largely determined by the physicochemical properties of the liquids. To elucidate the general features of cavitation, it is of interest to compare the fracture patterns of liquids of various structures. The present paper considers the results of experiments on determining the spall strength of ethanol, which has not been studied previously, and discusses the possibility of using the homogeneous nucleation model to interpret the results obtained. Dremin et al. [12] obtained an estimate P s ≈ 48 MPa for the spall strength of ethanol, but the employed method did not allow regularities of the fracture kinetics to be established. This is one of the objectives of the present study.Diagram and Results of Experiments. A diagram of the experiments on impulsive tension of liquids is presented in Fig. 1. Shock waves were pr...

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Technique for studying dynamic tensile failure in liquids: application to glycerol

Cited by 32 publications

References 18 publications

Low-loss two-channel fiber-optic waveguide

Low-loss two-channel fiber-optic waveguide

Limiting tensile strength of liquid nitrogen

Impulsive Tension of Ethanol under Shock Loading

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