We are indebted to a number of retailers and building industry professionals for taking the time to review our analysis assumptions and earlier versions of this report. Jim Kirk of A&P Grocery Stores, Kathy Loftus of Whole Foods, and Scott Williams of Target, all members of the Retailer Energy Alliance, commented on our prototype and energy design measure (EDM) model assumptions based on their companies' experiences and standard practices. Don Zerrip, Ben Butler, and H. J. Enck of CxGBS; Tim A. Speller of Speller Energy Consulting; and Thomas H. Phoenix of Moser Mayer Phoenix Associates reviewed an earlier draft of this report.We extend our thanks to our colleagues Larry Brackney and Kristin Field for conducting formal internal reviews of this document, and to Stefanie Woodward for editing assistance.Several other National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) colleagues provided valuable guidance and information during the modeling process, either directly or through their past work. Ian Doebber and Michael Deru contributed insights gained through their work with grocery store owners and retailers. Jennifer Scheib and Rob Guglielmetti provided electric lighting and daylighting EDM data. We would also like to thank Don Shirey of the Florida Solar Energy Commission, and Hugh Henderson of CDH Energy Corporation for responding to several specific questions; and Merle McBride acting on behalf of the ASHRAE Standard 90.1 Envelope Subcommittee for providing recent cost data for mass wall constructions.Tens of thousands of EnergyPlus simulations were run for this report. This would not have been possible without the support of the NREL High Performance Computing Center managed by Wesley Jones and Jim Albin.Finally, a number of our colleagues in the Commercial Buildings Group helped set up and run our analysis and results extraction routines. We would especially like to thank Dan Macumber, Nicholas Long, Eric Bonnema, and Kyle Benne for programming assistance; and Brent Griffith, Dan Macumber, Kyle Benne, Michael Deru, and Ian Doebber for sharing their computing resources.ii
Executive SummaryThis Technical Support Document (TSD) was developed by the Commercial Buildings Group at NREL, under the direction of the DOE Building Technologies Program. It documents technical analysis and design guidance for grocery stores to achieve whole-building energy savings of at least 50% over ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2004 and represents a step toward determining how to provide design guidance for aggressive energy savings targets.This report:• Documents the modeling and integrated analysis methods used to identify cost-effective sets of recommendations for different locations.• Demonstrates sets of recommendations that meet, or exceed, the 50% goal. There are 16 sets of recommendations, one for each climate zone location.• Establishes methodology for providing a family of solutions, as opposed to a single solution, that meet the 50% goal as a means of exploring the relative importance of specific design strategies.• Demonstrates the energy eff...