General Merchandise 50% Energy Savings Technical Support Document

Hale, Elaine; Leach, Matt; Hirsch, A.; Torcellini, P.

doi:10.2172/965981

Cited by 5 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Develop "typical" retail store facility prototype models For building characteristics that are not specified by Standard 90.1-2004, but that are needed to develop baseline models that represent typical operation, the retail store models from Hale et al (2009) were used as a starting point. A "typical" prototype is an energy model that is a representative example of a retail store facility.…”

Section: Evaluation Approach and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical Support Document: Development of the Advanced Energy Design Guide for Medium to Big Box Retail Buildings - 50% Energy Savings

Bonnema

Leach

Pless

2013

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Section: Evaluation Approach and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical Support Document: Development of the Advanced Energy Design Guide for Medium to Big Box Retail Buildings - 50% Energy Savings

Bonnema

Leach

Pless

2013

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“…This analysis begins with a low-energy configuration inspired by Thornton, Wang et al (2009) and real case studies of high-performance office buildings rather than a "blind" sequential-search optimization to completely determine the low-energy design as used by Hale, Leach et al (2009) and Leach, Hale et al (2009). This choice was made for two reasons:…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All others were fixed at their preliminary low-energy model configuration settings because we were confident we needed to maintain those settings to achieve the 50% net site energy savings goal and minimize 5-TLCC. That confidence was provided by the results of Hale, Leach et al (2009) and Leach, Hale et al (2009). For the common practice high-rise case, for which all enveloperelated EEMs are fixed by definition, this optimization framework allows only PV to be applied as a means of achieving additional energy savings with respect to the preliminary low-energy models.…”

Section: Optimized Low-energy Models: Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We then used the results from Hale, Leach et al (2009) and Leach, Hale et al (2009) to construct preliminary low-energy designs aimed at achieving the 50% savings goal in each climate zone. In some cases, the preliminary designs were able to reach the 50% savings goal, so the optimization goal (see Section 2.4.3) was to determine the full range of energy savings available and to maximize cost effectiveness from a life cycle standpoint at each savings level.…”

Section: Preliminary 50% Energy Savings Design Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Technical Support Document: Strategies for 50% Energy Savings in Large Office Buildings

Leach¹,

Lobato²,

Hirsch³

et al. 2010

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We are indebted to a number of retailers and building industry professionals for taking the time to provide equipment and construction cost estimates and to review our analysis assumptions and earlier versions of this report. John Priebe of The Abo Group arranged for the procurement of envelope construction cost data from Cumming Corporation and HVAC system cost data from RMH Group. Stefan Coca of Cumming Corporation provided us with an extensive set of envelope cost data for low-rise and high-rise large office constructions. Bob Stahl of RMH Group, with assistance from Phil Kocher and Jim Bradburn from RMH Group, provided us with detailed HVAC schematics, equipment lists, and overall system costs for our baseline and lowenergy HVAC systems. Bob also provided us with estimates for incremental costs associated with improved component efficiencies. Steven Taylor of Taylor Engineering and Fiona Cousins of Arup Engineering provided us very detailed review of both our analysis assumptions and our overall approach. David Okada of Stantec Engineering provided review of an initial list of possible energy efficiency measures (EEMs).We would like to thank all of the peer reviewers for their time and constructive feedback. NREL colleagues Anthony Florita, Andrew Parker, Rois Langner, Daniel Studer, Michael Deru, and Shanti Pless all reviewed the report during its development. Stefanie Woodward and Stephanie Price of NREL proofread and edited the document. Carol Kerstner assisted with final edits and prepared the document for publication.Several other NREL colleagues provided valuable guidance and information during the modeling process, either directly or through their past work. Eric Bonnema and Brent Griffith provided extensive modeling assistance. Ian Doebber and Kyle Benne provided modeling assistance and significant insight into the modeling process, especially in regards to the setup and control of the radiant heating and cooling system model. Jennifer Scheib and Rob Guglielmetti provided electric lighting and daylighting EEM data. Nicholas Long and Eric Bonnema provided Opt-EPlus assistance. Michael Deru and Kristin Field provided review of our code compliant high-rise baseline, including our schedule sets. Jenni Sonnen coordinated graphic design work by Joshua Bauer to provide us with figures for the report. Eric Bonnema, Brent Griffith, and Michael Deru shared their computing resources for the optimization process.ii Executive SummaryThis Technical Support Document (TSD) was developed by the Commercial Buildings Group at NREL, under the direction of the DOE Building Technologies Program. Its main goal was to evaluate the potential for new large office buildings in the United States to achieve a 50% net site energy savings compared to a baseline defined by minimal compliance with respect to ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90. 1-2004, Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings (ASHRAE 2004c.The work presented here extends the 50% Energy Savings Design Technology Packages for Medium Office Buildi...

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“…The energy efficiency ratio was taken from Standard 90.1-2004 Table 6.8.1A (ASHRAE 2004a). The heating efficiency, heating fuel type, and economizer control type were taken from previous RTU-related work (Hale et al 2009). Additional assumptions included an internal static pressure drop of 0.42 in.…”

Section: Rooftop Unit Performance Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Implications of Retrofitting Retail Sector Rooftop Units with Stepped-Speed and Variable-Speed Functionality

Studer¹,

Romero²,

Herrmann³

et al. 2012

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NOTICEThis report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof. (Felts et al. 2000). Thus, RTU supply fans may provide air at rates that are much higher than those needed to meet most thermal loads, wasting the energy needed to move and heat or cool the excess air.To address this issue, some U.S. retailers have started to upgrade existing RTUs, retrofitting their constant-speed motors with stepped-or variable-speed functionality. Such retrofits may be more cost effective than replacing an entire RTU, particularly if the unit is in the middle of its lifespan. Other U.S. retailers, however, are uncomfortable pursuing this measure, as there is a lack of supporting data detailing the climate zone-specific energy savings potential associated with this upgrade. Building and portfolio energy managers have thus been unable to present a compelling business case for RTU fan motor upgrades.This study uses whole-building energy simulation to estimate the energy impact of stepped-and variable-speed RTU fan motor retrofits in the retail environment, across 16 locations in all 15 U.S. climate zones. The results allow retailers to estimate the building-level energy savings associated with this retrofit measure. This is a critical step in enabling retailers to determine whether a compelling business case can be made. Development ProcessEnergyPlus Version 6.0 (DOE 2010) was used to evaluate the whole-building energy savings associated with stepped-and variable-speed RTU fan motor retrofits as follows:1. Two prototype big-box retail EnergyPlus models were created: one with refrigeration systems and one without.2. Each prototype model was replicated across 16 locations, which encompassed all 15 U.S. climate zones, as defined by DOE (2005).3. Standard 90. 1-20041- (ASHRAE 2004a) was applied to the building envelope to create climate-specific baseline models.4. Custom sizing and control logic was used to modify a subset of the baseline models with stepped-and variable-speed RTU fan motor controls.5. EnergyPlus was used to simulate the energy performance of all models to determine the energy savings associated with these retrofits.v Results Table ES-1 through Table ES-3 present an overview of the simulation results 1 . Annual whole...

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General Merchandise 50% Energy Savings Technical Support Document

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Technical Support Document: Development of the Advanced Energy Design Guide for Medium to Big Box Retail Buildings - 50% Energy Savings

Technical Support Document: Development of the Advanced Energy Design Guide for Medium to Big Box Retail Buildings - 50% Energy Savings

Technical Support Document: Strategies for 50% Energy Savings in Large Office Buildings

Energy Implications of Retrofitting Retail Sector Rooftop Units with Stepped-Speed and Variable-Speed Functionality

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