Technical note: Gamma irradiation induces changes of phenotypic and agronomic traits in wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum)

Ahumada-Flores, Sergio; Pando, Luz Rayda Gómez; Parra-Cota, Fannie Isela; Torres, Eulogio de la Cruz; Sarsu, Fatma; Santos-Villalobos, Sergio de los

doi:10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109490

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…For plant survival, irradiation doses ranging from 30-50kR were having more adverse impact on the survival of plants. This finding has been previously observed in wheat, where the irradiated seeds showed a decline in germination and total survival capacity to the non-irradiated seeds [10][11][12][13][14]. This biological behaviour suggests harmful effects of mutagens on genes that control this trait, by inhibited DNA repair mechanisms, deceleration of mitotic division in meristematic cells, and deleterious impact on other metabolic processes involved in germination and growth processes.…”

Section: Seedling Emergence and Survivalsupporting

confidence: 78%

Gamma Irradiation Induced Chromosome Aberrations in Meiotic Cells of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Alam

Khah

Azad

2022

IJPSS

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Background and Objectives: Due to the ever-increasing human population and rapid urbanization, the available agricultural land becomes limited for the production of food grains. As a result, there is an urgent need for creating genetic variability upon which improved varieties could be made. The technology of induced mutagenesis plays an essential role in inducing genetic variations among crop species where hybridization is very challenging. Therefore, the present study has been designed to assess the mutagenic impact of gamma irradiation on the cytological behaviour of T. aestivum L in M1 and M2 generation. Materials and Methods: Bread wheat seeds of selected cultivar were irradiated at BARC, Mumbai with five doses. The irradiated and non-irradiated seeds were sown under field condition with three replicates for each dose according to randomized block design to raise the M1 and M2 generations for morphological and meiotic analysis. For meiosis, immature panicles were collected in early morning and immediately fixed in carnoy’s solution for at least 24 hours. Thereafter, anthers from buds were excised and squashed in acetocarmine followed by photomicrography of suitable PMCs to estimate chromosome aberrations. Results: The results displayed a progressive elevation in the chromosomal aberrations along with a significant influence on seedling emergence, plant survival and pollen fertility. The most frequent meiotic aberrations detected include chromatin clumping, univalents and early chromosome segregations at metaphase and lagging chromosomes, chromatin bridges and chromosome clumping at anaphase/telophase while unorientation, scattering, polarity disturbances and micronuclei were also noticed. In addition, the frequency of these chromosome aberrations significantly decreased in M2 generation depicting the reclamation in genomic structure. Conclusion: The present investigation supports the discovery that gamma irradiations are very effective in creating rapid genetic variability in crop plants including Triticum aestivum which could be essentially exploited for future mutation breeding programmes. The results revealed that the higher treatment doses are toxic whereas lower doses of gamma irradiations seem quite beneficial in generating promising traits with less toxicity. In this study, the cytotoxicity has increased along with gamma irradiation doses and therefore, the genetic structure of the selected bread wheat cultivar is highly affected, which will possibly create new favorable genetic changes in the following generations that would be useful for plant breeders for its improvement.

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Section: Seedling Emergence and Survivalsupporting

confidence: 78%

Gamma Irradiation Induced Chromosome Aberrations in Meiotic Cells of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Alam

Khah

Azad

2022

IJPSS

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“…Similarly, Hameed et al (2008) noted that the germination percentage of chickpea seeds was not significantly affected by gamma irradiation at all of the irradiation doses used. Ahumada-Flores et al (2021) also reported a delay in germination time of wheat seeds, but no effects were observed on the final germination percentage after irradiation at varying doses. The relatively high germination percentage recorded in this study could be explained by the stimulating effect of irradiation on RNA or protein synthesis ( Kuzin et al, 1973 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Gamma irradiation-induced genetic variability and its effects on the phenotypic and agronomic traits of groundnut (Arachis hypogaeaL.)

Saibari

Barrijal

Mouhib³

et al. 2023

Front. Genet.

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In order to increase genetic variability for the improvement of groundnut, two varieties, namely Kp29 and Fleur11, were treated with six different gamma irradiation doses. A significant effect of mutagenesis was distinctly observed in the stem lengths, roots, and survival percentage in both varieties. The radio-sensitivity test showed a mean lethal dose of 436.51Gy for Kp29 and 501.18 Gy for Fleur11. Furthermore, this study revealed putative mutants with variable agro-morphological traits. Seven chlorophyll mutants and various seed shape and color mutants were obtained. This study demonstrates the potency of gamma irradiation to induce high genetic variability that led to the emergence of certain mutations of economic importance.

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“…Hydroxyl radicals are products produced by reactions between water and radiation that cause damage to chromosomes [11]. High doses of gamma-ray irradiated seeds can disrupt plant growth because hormone balance, protein synthesis, and enzyme activity are disrupted [12], such as reduced bioactive content of Giberelat Acid (GA) or inhibition of GA signaling [13]. Irradiated plants show a higher plant height diversity than control plants.…”

Section: Table 1 Plant Height Of Echinacea Purpurea Plant At Various ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology and physiology of Echinacea purpurea in the vegetative phase result of gamma ray irradiation

Hanifah

Nandariyah

Widiyastuti³

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Coneflower is a medicinal plant that was introduced from North America. This plant is useful as an immunomodulator, which can protect the human body’s immune system from extreme climate change. Coneflower plants in Indonesia are generally grown in highlands that have low temperatures as in their native areas. Indonesia’s tropical environmental conditions, especially in the lowlands, and increasing temperatures as part of global warming are a concern for coneflower cultivation because high climate differences can affect plant growth and physiology. One of the efforts to improve plant properties to obtain plants that are suitable for living in a high-temperature environment can be done by gamma-ray irradiation. The purpose of this study was to determine the growth and physiology of the Coneflower plant irradiated by gamma rays. The study was conducted using a simple design experiment method by planting the population per treatment into successive plots. The seeds used were Coneflower plant accession 2 seeds from the Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicines Research and Development Centre (B2P2TOOT) Tawangmangu. The irradiation doses used were 0 (control), 5Gy, 15Gy, and 25Gy. The results showed the highest plant height, and the number of leaves on 15 Gy irradiated plants. The highest total chlorophyll content was in 5Gy irradiated plants, while the highest leaf area was in 25Gy irradiated plants. Morphology and physiology of irradiated plants showed greater growth than control plants.

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Technical note: Gamma irradiation induces changes of phenotypic and agronomic traits in wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum)

Cited by 25 publications

References 32 publications

Gamma Irradiation Induced Chromosome Aberrations in Meiotic Cells of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Gamma Irradiation Induced Chromosome Aberrations in Meiotic Cells of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Gamma irradiation-induced genetic variability and its effects on the phenotypic and agronomic traits of groundnut (Arachis hypogaeaL.)

Morphology and physiology of Echinacea purpurea in the vegetative phase result of gamma ray irradiation

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