Technical Change, Non-Tariff Barriers, and the Development of the Italian Locomotive Industry, 1850–1913

Ciccarelli, Carlo; Nuvolari, Alessandro

doi:10.1017/s0022050715001114

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Also included as an attribute is a variable that indicates the year-dependent assumed speed. These speeds are calculated as the inverse of the Ciccarelli and Nuvolari (2015) index of weight per horsepower for locomotives used on the Italian railway network, benchmarked to the average speed in 1889 calculated by Schram (1997, 149). For the relevant census years this resulted in average speeds on standard gauge of 46.2 km/h (1871), 47.6 (1881), 48.2 (1891), 50.7 (1901), and 58.3 (1911).…”

Section: Accessibility Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Legacy of Literacy: Evidence from Italian Regions

2020

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Italy was unified in 1861. As part of the process of nation-building, a free and mandatory national primary school system was established. While the new school system greatly contributed to the modernization of the country, its initial design did not reduce considerably regional disparities in human capital, with Southern regions lagging behind. The paper studies the effect of the heterogeneous territorial diffusion of literacy during the postunification period (1871-1911) on economic and social outcomes of Italian provinces 100 years later. We exploit the exogenous variations in the territorial spread in literacy rates arising from the gradual building and expansion of the railway network across provinces. We find evidence that provinces with a higher territorial diffusion of primary education in the post-unification period have today higher income per capita, less unemployment, and greater educational attainment. The evidence in terms of social capital outcomes is instead mixed, depending on the indicator considered.

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Section: Accessibility Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Legacy of Literacy: Evidence from Italian Regions

2020

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“…In a counterfactual estimation, the author finds that no nationalization and no more than 25% state ownership would have brought about a 1.7% increase in efficiency. Ciccarelli and Nuvolari (2015) cast doubt on the current and prevailing view in the literature, that upward linkages between railway construction and the mechanic industry were extremely limited because of the technical backwardness of the Italian steam locomotive sector (Schram, 1998). 3 Notwithstanding the limited endowment in terms of engineering skills and competences, the Italian steam locomotive industry showed a good performance in basically the same period we consider in this paper.…”

Section: Figure 1 -Railways In 1861mentioning

confidence: 99%

Railways and the Productivity Gap in Italy: Persistence and Divergence after Unification

Pontarollo

Ricciuti

2015

SSRN Journal

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“…For France, see Khan, ‘Invisible women’. For Italy, see Ciccarelli and Nuvolari, ‘Technical change’; Nuvolari and Vasta, ‘Independent invention’. For Spain, see Sáiz, ‘Social networks’.…”

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confidence: 99%

Technology transfer via foreign patents in Germany, 1843–77

Donges

Selgert

2018

The Economic History Review

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This article analyses the spread of innovation in mid-nineteenth-century Germany using foreign patents as an indicator for technology transfer. It introduces a new dataset of over 1,400 patents granted in the Grand Duchy of Baden between 1843 and 1877. The data show that Baden's technology import via foreign patents from German and non-German inventors was important. This technology transfer was broadly based, although technologies related to the textile and machine-building industries are prominent in the data. The decision to file a patent in Baden was driven by competition and the risk of imitation. Using a gravity model with city-level data, we find evidence that technology transfer through patents reflected existing trade links. The strong correlation between technologies filed by foreigners and domestic inventors provides further evidence that the risk of imitation fostered patent-based technology transfer during the mid-nineteenth century. Furthermore, we show that foreigners filed patents predominantly in industries that accounted for a high share of the workforce in Baden.

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Technical Change, Non-Tariff Barriers, and the Development of the Italian Locomotive Industry, 1850–1913

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

The Legacy of Literacy: Evidence from Italian Regions

The Legacy of Literacy: Evidence from Italian Regions

Railways and the Productivity Gap in Italy: Persistence and Divergence after Unification

Technology transfer via foreign patents in Germany, 1843–77

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