Technical and economic assessment of solar heating and cooling – Methodology and examples of IEA SHC Task 53

Review of Polygeneration Schemes with Solar Cooling Technologies and Potential Industrial Applications

“…In this sense, Figure 7 shows the reported nominal capacity versus the specific prices per kW of cooling, and Figure 8 shows the relationship between specific cost, COP and equipment capacity. The values reported are studies described in this document and compared with the estimated values described by Hang Y. et al [157] and Neyer D. et al [184] for ABS-SE ABS-DE equipment transforming into Euros using the exchange closing rate as of 31 December 2020, for USD, AUD, AED, and MYR. The figures show a clear difference between the cost functions assumed and the costs reported by other authors.…”

“…In that sense, simulations in the United States of PV-SC-ORC-ABS schemes reduced annual costs by up to 48% compared to conventional equipment [177]. The configuration SC-PVT-ABS-PUG was evaluated for harnessing the residual heat of ORC and supply heat to ABS equipment, space heating, DHW and HEP [183][184][185]. On the other hand, the inclusion of geothermal energy (GT) and the ability to take advantage of its annual power allows obtaining an SPB between 7.6 years and 2.5 years considering the worst and best-operating conditions, respectively [186].…”

“…The objective was to determine the minimum cost of the system based on investment costs, operation, electricity and carbon emissions [188]. Furthermore, the SHC-TASK-53 project makes it possible to compare integration schemes for the residential sector in Mediterranean climatic conditions [184]. However, residential applications tend to have design differences compared to the demand for industrial applications.…”

“…On the other hand, F6, F7, and F8 were based on estimates referring to 2016 [180]. While F8, F9, and F10 are approximation functions obtained from the Task-53 project, based on 2012 data from Central Europe [184]. Thermal cooling equipment costs change depending on the manufacturer, year of production, equipment type, capacity, COP, transportation, taxes, etc.…”

Hybrid Cascade Heat Pump and Thermal-Electric Energy Storage System for Residential Buildings: Experimental Testing and Performance Analysis

“…In particular, solar-assisted systems for heat pumping (in heating-dominated climates) [8] and solar cooling (in cooling-dominated climates) [9,10] were extensively studied for both residential [11] and tertiary applications [12]. Among the solar systems for residential applications for maximization of self-consumption, a common solution is the use of a reversible heat pump powered by PV (photo-voltaic) panels that supply the electricity needed to drive the compressor [13,14], or a heat pump connected to PV/T panels that can also supply the evaporation heat during winter season. This is highlighted by several authors considering different layouts, such as direct expansion [15], gas-driven [16], water-source [17], dual-source [18].…”