Technical and agronomic efficiency of nitrogen use on the yield and quality of oat grains

Abstract

The efficiency of nitrogen use by oats in association with climatic conditions is fundamental to the development of more sustainable managements with yield and quality. The objectives of this study were to define the agronomic efficiency of nitrogen by the ratio of the dose provided and product obtained, estimate the maximum technical efficiency of the nutrient on grain yield; and for the optimum dose, simulate the expression of the straw and industry yields, protein and total fiber in different conditions of the agricultural year in a soybean/oat system. The study was conducted from 2011 to 2016, in Augusto Pestana, RS, Brazil, in a randomized block design with four repetitions in a 4 x 2 factorial referring to nitrogen doses (0, 30, 60 and 120 kg ha-1) and oat cultivars (Barbarasul and Brisasul) in a soybean/oat system. Nitrogen increased grain, straw, and industry yields and total grain protein, with agronomic efficiency of 7.8, 19.7 and 3.3 kg ha-1 and 0.10 g kg-1, respectively, with reduction of the total fiber in 0.05 g kg-1 per kg of N supplied. The dose of maximum technical efficiency in the expression of grain yield is dependent on the weather conditions during cultivation. In general, the maximum efficiency of grain productivity was obtained with 86 kg ha-1 of N, with linear equations showing increased productivity of straw and industry yield, total protein, and reduction of the fiber content of oat grains by nitrogen use.

The Effect of Cultivation Practices on Agronomic Performance, Elemental Composition and Isotopic Signature of Spring Oat (Avena sativa L.)

“…Above this, a further increase in N rate resulted in significant plant lodging and associated loss of harvestable grain yield. According to other studies, the optimum N rate for oats ranges from 30 to 120 kg/ha depending on the environment, cultivar used, crop rotation and tillage applied [12][13][14][38][39][40][41][42]. There has been a steady increase in the optimum N rate for oats, with recent studies generally reporting optimum N rates for oats in excess of 100 kg/ha [12,38,42].…”

Lógica Fuzzy na Simulação da Produtividade de Grãos de Aveia pelo Nitrogênio, Soma Térmica e Precipitação Pluviométrica

“…Porém, quando as condições de ambiente são desfavoráveis, este nutriente é facilmente perdido, ocasionando gastos de produção, além de poluição ambiental [4]. Estudos vêm reforçando a necessidade de processos inovadores que visam reduzir as perdas deste nutriente [12]. Uma possibilidade é a aplicação da ureia dissolvida em água em que o nitrogênio é absorvido via foliar, considerando que o nutriente é um elemento móvel e apresenta facilidade de absorção e translocação por dentro de um tecido vegetal [16,6].…”