Technical Ability of Force Application as a Determinant Factor of Sprint Performance

Morin, Jean–Benoît; Édouard, Pascal; Samozino, Pierre

doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e318216ea37

Cited by 355 publications

(496 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…[8][9][10][11][12] From a kinetic standpoint, literature reports sled towing to lead to a reduction in normalized mean vertical GRF (3.0 ± 1.6N.kg -1 to 1.7 ± 1.16N.kg -1 ), with concomitant increases in net horizontal impulse (0.75 ± 0.28m.s -1 to 0.97 ± 0.17m.s -1 ) and peak propulsive forces (8.8 ± 2.5N.kg -1 to 9.3 ± 0.9N.kg -1 ) when towing sled loads of as little as 30% body mass (BM). 13 As such, a shift in ratio of forces applied into the ground can be noted, with research by Kawamori, Newton & Nosaka 13 reporting a mean shift in ratio of GRF application (vertical to horizontal) of ~11%, thus bringing about a mechanically more efficient force application throughout ground contact 2 . Further to this, a review by Petrakos, Morin, and Egan 7 examining longitudinal training implications indicates how sled towing with "light" loads (< 10% BM) may infact lead to decrements in sprint acceleration performance (-1.5%, ES = 0.50).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Research has found that increases in sprint acceleration performance are primarily achieved through optimising the resultant ground reaction force (GRF) vector to facilitate a horizontal (propulsive) orientation. 2,3 As such, literature reports propulsive forces within acceleration to be 46% greater than those observed within maximal velocity running. [4][5][6] Fundamentally therefore, a large training consideration should be noted for training modalities which provide overload to the propulsive nature of GRF application within the acceleration phase of sprint running.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The acute effects of heavy sled towing on subsequent sprint acceleration performance

Jarvis¹,

Turner²,

Chavda³

et al. 2017

Journal of Trainology

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Objectives:The purpose of this study was to assess the practical use of heavy sled towing and its acute implications on subsequent sprint acceleration performance. Design and Methods:Eight healthy male varsity team sport athletes (age: 21.8 ± 1.8years, height: 185.5 ± 5.0cm, weight:88.8 ± 15.7kg, 15m sprint time: 2.66 ± 0.13s) performed sprints under three separate weighted sled towing conditions in a randomized order. Each condition consisted of one baseline unweighted sprint (4-min pre), the sled towing sprint protocol: (1) 1 × 50% body mass, (2) 2 × 50% body mass, (3) 3 × 50% body mass (multiple sprints interspersed with 90s recovery), and 3 post-testing unweighted sprints thereafter (4, 8, 12-min post). All sprints were conducted over a 15m distance.Results: Significantly faster sprint times for the 3 × sled towing protocol were identified following 8-min of rest (p = 0.025, d = 0.46, 2.64 ± 0.15s to 2.57 ± 0.17s). When individual best sprint times were analyzed against baseline data, significantly faster sprint times were identified following both 1 × (p = 0.007, d = 0.69, 2.69 ± 0.07s to 2.64 ± 0.07s) and 3 × (p = 0.001, d = 0.62, 2.64 ± 0.15s to 2.55 ± 0.14s) sled towing protocols. Within the 3 × condition, all athletes achieved fastest sprint times following 8-12 min of rest. Conclusions:The findings from the present study indicate that a repeated bout of sled towing (3 × 50% body mass) leads to the enhancement in subsequent sprint acceleration performance, following adequate, and individualized recovery periods.(Journal of Trainology 2017;6:18-25)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The acute effects of heavy sled towing on subsequent sprint acceleration performance

Jarvis¹,

Turner²,

Chavda³

et al. 2017

Journal of Trainology

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“…Recent research has shown high levels of horizontal force application is related to faster sprinting speeds. [11][12][13][14][15] Contreras and colleagues 16 found that the hip thrust is effective for improving both horizontal jump distance and sprinting performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 6-week squat, deadlift, or hip thrust training program on speed, power, agility, and strength in experienced lifters: A pilot study

Zweifel¹,

Vigotsky²,

Contreras³

et al. 2017

Journal of Trainology

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Objectives:To compare the ergogenic effects of back squats, deadlifts, and hip thrusts. Design: Pilot randomized-controlled trial Methods: In order to determine the feasibility of such a large training study, a pilot study was carried out with 26 male and female participants (age = 22.15 ± 2.2 years; height = 180.17 ± 8.37 cm; body mass = 87.27 ± 15.72 kg). Subjects performed squats (n = 8), hip thrusts (n = 8), deadlifts (n = 6), or nothing (control) (n = 4) for three training sessions a week, for six weeks; thereafter, measures of sprinting performance, vertical jump, broad jump, strength, and change of direction were compared to baseline.Results: This pilot study was carried out successfully. Effect-sizes, medians, and interquartile ranges for all possible comparisons have been presented for power analyses. Conclusion:Although all of the studied interventions show promise, larger investigations are necessary in order to draw more definitive, applicable conclusions.(Journal of Trainology 2017;6:13-17)

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“…De hecho, se han encontrado mayores fuerzas horizontales que verticales durante la etapa de aceleración (construcción de la velocidad) (Mero, 1988). Recientemente, se ha definido que los atletas más rá-pidos poseen un ratio mayor de fuerza horizontal que los corredores más lentos (Kugler & Janshen, 2010) y que la técnica de aplicación de la fuerza es un factor determinante en el rendimiento de velocidad (Morin, Edouard & Samozino, 2011). Estos resultados implican que la capacidad de producir un mayor ratio de fuerza horizontal que vertical puede ser más importante que la propia producción de fuerza en general (Kugler & Janshen, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Differences in the acceleration, change of direction and jumping capacity between different ages soccer players

Santiago¹,

Granados²,

Quintela³

et al. 2015

CCD

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ResumenLos principales objetivos de este estudio fueron analizar la capacidad de aceleración, capacidad de cambio de dirección (CODA), salto vertical (VJ) y salto horizontal (HJ) en futbolistas cadetes y juveniles y determinar las diferencias en estas cualidades en función de la categoría. La muestra total (n = 34) fue dividida en dos grupos, atendiendo a la categoría en la que competían. El grupo 1 (CAD, n = 17) competía en la Liga Vasca Cadete (15.12 ± 0.70 años), mientras que el grupo 2 (JUV, n = 17) lo hacía en la Liga Nacional Juvenil (16.94 ± 0.90 años). En el presente estudio se encontraron diferencias significativas entre categorías (cadete y juvenil) en la capacidad de aceleración (p < 0.01, d = 1.6, alto), pero no en la capacidad de cambio de dirección (p > 0.05, d = 0.3, bajo). Con respecto a la capacidad de salto, los jugadores juveniles obtuvieron una mayor capacidad de salto horizontal (p < 0.01, d > 0.8, alto). Sin embargo, estas diferencias no se observaron en todos los tipos de salto vertical. En el test de salto vertical sin contra movimiento (VSJ) los resultados fueron similares (p > 0.05, d = 0.3, bajo) entre jugadores de distintas edades. Sin embargo, se obtuvieron diferencias significativas en el IE (p < 0.05, d = 0.9, alto) y tamaños del efecto moderados o altos en el VCMJ (p > 0.05, d = 0.6) y en el VCMJAS (p > 0.05, d = 0.9). Atendiendo a estos resultados podría ser interesante utilizar los test de aceleración, salto vertical con ciclo estiramiento-acortamiento y salto horizontal para analizar el rendimiento en jóvenes futbolistas.Palabras clave: sprint, salto horizontal, salto vertical, fuerza, rendimiento. AbstractThe main objectives of this study were to analyze: acceleration capacity; change of direction ability (CODA); vertical jump (VJ); and horizontal jump (HJ); in under 16 and under 18 footballers and to determine the differences in these qualities according to category. The total sample (n = 34) was divided into two groups according to the category in which the subjects competed. Group 1 (U16, n = 17), competed in the U16 Basque League (15.12 ± 0.70 years) while Group 2 (U18, n = 17) competed in the National U18 League (16.94 ± 0.90 years). Significant differences were found between the U16 and U18 categories in acceleration capacity (p < 0.01, d = 1.6, high), but not in CODA (p > 0.05, d = 0.3, low). With respect to jump capacity, the U18 players recorded a greater capacity for the horizontal jump (p < 0.01, d > 0.8, high). However, these differences were not evident in all the types of vertical jump. In the vertical jump without a countermovement (VSJ) similar values (p > 0.05, d = 0.3, low) were recorded by the players of different ages. However, significant differences were obtained in the elastic index (IE, p < 0.05, d = 0.9, high) and moderate or high effect sizes in the vertical countermovement jump (VCMJ, p > 0.05, d = 0.6, high) and in the arm swing vertical countermovement jump (VCMJAS, p > 0.05, d = 0.9). The results suggest that it could be of benefit to use tests o...

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Technical Ability of Force Application as a Determinant Factor of Sprint Performance

Cited by 355 publications

References 34 publications

The acute effects of heavy sled towing on subsequent sprint acceleration performance

The acute effects of heavy sled towing on subsequent sprint acceleration performance

Effects of 6-week squat, deadlift, or hip thrust training program on speed, power, agility, and strength in experienced lifters: A pilot study

Differences in the acceleration, change of direction and jumping capacity between different ages soccer players

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