Tear film substance P: A potential biomarker for diabetic peripheral neuropathy

Tummanapalli, Shyam Sunder; Willcox, Mark; Issar, Tushar; Yan, Aimy; Pisarcikova, Jana; Kwai, Natalie; Poynten, Ann M.; Krishnan, Arun V.; Markoulli, Maria

doi:10.1016/j.jtos.2019.08.010

Cited by 32 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Interestingly, there were no significant changes in tear levels of SP and VIP in the aforementioned study [ 233 ], contrary to recent studies on SP using animal models. However, tear level of SP was reported to be decreased in patients with corneal hypesthesia or diabetic neuropathy [ 234 , 235 , 236 ] and to be correlated with a decreased nerve-fiber width in the subbasal nerve plexus and an increased tear concentration of IL-6 [ 237 , 238 ]. The lack of change in VIP with DED may reflect the very limited innervation of the cornea by VIP-expressing parasympathetic nerves [ 239 ].…”

Section: Recent Results Showing the Roles Of Neuropeptides In The Pathogenesis Of Dry Eye Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Neuropeptides in Pathogenesis of Dry Eye

Hwang

Lee

Kim

et al. 2021

JCM

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Neuropeptides are known as important mediators between the nervous and immune systems. Recently, the role of the corneal nerve in the pathogenesis of various ocular surface diseases, including dry eye disease, has been highlighted. Neuropeptides are thought to be important factors in the pathogenesis of dry eye disease, as suggested by the well-known role between the nervous and immune systems, and several recently published studies have elucidated the previously unknown pathogenic mechanisms involved in the role of the neuropeptides secreted from the corneal nerves in dry eye disease. Here, we reviewed the emerging concept of neurogenic inflammation as one of the pathogenic mechanisms of dry eye disease, the recent results of related studies, and the direction of future research.

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Section: Recent Results Showing the Roles Of Neuropeptides In The Pathogenesis Of Dry Eye Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Neuropeptides in Pathogenesis of Dry Eye

Hwang

Lee

Kim

et al. 2021

JCM

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“…Tears are easily obtainable, and the use of tear biomarkers to predict or stratify an ocular condition is gaining significant importance. A correlation has been found between the tear biomarkers that are involved in corneal health, such as IGF-1 and SP and IVCM findings in diabetic patients [72,122,123].…”

Section: Tear Biomarkers For Corneal Neuropathymentioning

confidence: 91%

“…It maintains corneal epithelial integrity by mediating epithelial migration, proliferation and differentiation via the neurokinin-1 receptor (Table 1). In diabetics, SP plays a role in the recovery of corneal sensitivity by modulating neurogenic inflammation [36,56,122]. The SP concentration in tears was significantly reduced in type 1 diabetic patients with DPN in comparison to those without DPN and healthy individuals and correlated with both corneal nerve fibre density, as well as peripheral neuropathy [122].…”

Section: Substance P (Sp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetic Corneal Neuropathy

Mansoor¹,

Tan

Lin

et al. 2020

JCM

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Diabetic keratopathy (DK) is a common, but underdiagnosed, ocular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) that has a significant economic burden. It is characterised by progressive damage of corneal nerves, due to DM-induced chronic hyperglycaemia and its associated metabolic changes. With advances in corneal nerve imaging and quantitative analytic tools, studies have shown that the severity of diabetic corneal neuropathy correlates with the status of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The corneal nerve plexus is, therefore, considered as an important surrogate marker of diabetic peripheral neuropathy and helps in the evaluation of interventional efficacy in the management of DM. The clinical manifestations of DK depend on the disease severity and vary from decreased corneal sensitivity to sight-threatening corneal infections and neurotrophic ulcers. The severity of diabetic corneal neuropathy and resultant DK determines its management plan, and a step-wise approach is generally suggested. Future work would focus on the exploration of biomarkers for diabetic corneal neuropathy, the development of new treatment for corneal nerve protection, and the improvement in the clinical assessment, as well as current imaging technique and analysis, to help clinicians detect diabetic corneal neuropathy earlier and monitor the sub-clinical progression more reliably.

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“…Nrf2 activators have been suggested as a therapeutic potential for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy [67]. Of interest, preliminary data suggest that levels of substance P, which is implicated in maintaining corneal nerve health, in the tear film, are reduced in individuals with T1D and this is associated with both corneal changes and peripheral DNeu [68].…”

Section: Diabetic Neuropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of Identifying Novel Biomarkers of Microvascular Damage in Type 1 Diabetes

Marcovecchio

2020

Mol Diagn Ther

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Microvascular complications of type 1 diabetes, which primarily include diabetic kidney disease, retinopathy and neuropathy, are characterized by damage to the microvasculature of the kidney, retina and neurons. The pathogenesis of these complications is multifactorial, and several pathways are implicated. These complications are often silent during their early stages, and once symptoms develop, there might be little to be done to cure them.Thus, there is a strong need for novel biomarkers to identify individuals at risk of microvascular complications at an early stage and guide the implementation of new therapeutic options for preventing their development and progression.Recent advancements in proteomics, metabolomics and other 'omics' have led to the identification of several potential biomarkers of microvascular complications. However, biomarker discovery has met several challenges and, up to now, there are no new biomarkers which have been implemented into clinical practice. This highlights the need of further work in this area to move towards better diagnostic and prognostic approaches. Key points• Early detection of microvascular complications is of paramount importance and new biomarkers are required to achieve that.• New 'omics'-based biomarkers are promising, and they could be included in a multibiomarker approach together with traditional markers of complications to support early diagnosis and management of microvascular complications.• Many challenges remain in biomarkers discovery and translation into clinical practice, and future larger collaborative studies for a better characterisation of new biomarkers, methodological standardization and uniformity and cost evaluations are required.

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Tear film substance P: A potential biomarker for diabetic peripheral neuropathy

Cited by 32 publications

References 49 publications

The Role of Neuropeptides in Pathogenesis of Dry Eye

The Role of Neuropeptides in Pathogenesis of Dry Eye

Diabetic Corneal Neuropathy

Importance of Identifying Novel Biomarkers of Microvascular Damage in Type 1 Diabetes

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