Teaching safety: evaluation of a children's village in Maryland.

Gielen, Andrea Carlson; Dannenberg, Andrew L.; Ashburn, Nancy; Kou, Jingyee

doi:10.1136/ip.2.1.26

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Table 6 summarises findings relating to mass media and more general training events. [22][23][24] Exhibitions and public information campaigns can increase knowledge, but there is no new evidence that such approaches have any impact on injury rates.…”

Section: Community-wide Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updating the evidence. A systematic review of what works in preventing childhood unintentional injuries: Part 2

Towner

2001

Inj Prev

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Section: Community-wide Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updating the evidence. A systematic review of what works in preventing childhood unintentional injuries: Part 2

Towner

2001

Inj Prev

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“…Improvements in safety knowledge in relation to a variety of activities in the outdoors are reported in studies of programs that used oral presentations22 23 30 (see table 7 online for full details). However, a number of studies also reported no improvement in safety knowledge following the program concerned, in relation to fireworks17 and general outdoor safety 19.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One study reported a statistically significant improvement in water safety knowledge in the lower socioeconomic groups following a program involving an oral presentation and a safety village 30. A further study reported no significant difference in attitudinal measures following a peer-delivered education program for children aged 13–17 years who had a combination of academic and social problems 19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing unintentional injuries to children under 15 years in the outdoors: a systematic review of the effectiveness of educational programs

et al. 2011

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IntroductionUnintentional injuries to children in the outdoors have a significant impact on child mortality, development and healthcare costs. This paper presents the findings of a systematic review about the effectiveness of programs that provided information, advice or education about the prevention of unintentional injuries to children under 15 years during outdoor play and leisure.MethodsA structured search strategy was conducted in a range of databases. All report titles and abstracts were screened using pre-defined criteria. Included reports were quality appraised using a modified Graphical Appraisal Tool for Epidemiological studies (GATE) tool. All quality appraisals and data extraction were checked by a second reviewer. If not provided in the original reports, ORs and mean differences were calculated, where sufficient data were available.ResultsTwenty-three studies met the inclusion criteria. There was a paucity of robust study designs. The majority of studies only reported a short-term follow-up of intermediate outcome measures. Only two studies measured injury rates; both reported a reduction, but both studies also had considerable methodological weaknesses. The five studies that measured the use of protective equipment reported mixed results, although there is some evidence that suggests that more extensive educational programs (such as health fairs and media campaigns) increase their use. The 20 studies that measured behaviour, attitude or knowledge outcomes reported highly mixed results.DiscussionMethodological weaknesses of the included studies limit support for a particular course of action. To better inform policy and practice, future research should (1) use robust study designs and (2) not rely on short-term proxy outcome measures.

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“…Surrogate measures (table 1) are useful as outcomes when actual injuries are diYcult to count (such as near drownings), or are rare events (such as child pedestrian injuries in a small community 19 ). The use of a surrogate measure presupposes a clear link between it and actual injuries.…”

Section: Types Of Outcome Measures and Sources Of Relevant Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of interventions to prevent injuries: an overview

Dannenberg

Fowler²

1998

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Overview of issues involved in evaluating the eVectiveness of injury interventions is presented. An intervention should be evaluated to show it prevents injuries in the target population, to identify unintended consequences, to correct problems that limit eVectiveness, to justify current and future resources from funding agencies, and to guide its replication elsewhere.Problems in conducting evaluations include obtaining suYcient resources, coping with rare events, establishing reliability and validity of measurement instruments, separating effects of multiple simultaneous events, and adjusting for the time lag between an intervention and its eVects.When feasible, changes in injury rates (documented by medical records) should be used. These are more convincing for demonstrating intervention eVectiveness than changes in observed or reported behaviors or in knowledge and attitudes (documented by surveys). Quasiexperimental evaluation designs are often useful, such as measuring injury rates before and after an intervention in a time series design, or intervening in one of two comparable communities in a nonequivalent control group design. Evaluations using true experimental designs, in which individuals or groups are randomized to receive or not receive an intervention, are highly desirable but are often diYcult due to logistical or ethical considerations. An evaluation component should be integral to the introduction of any new injury intervention.

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Teaching safety: evaluation of a children's village in Maryland.

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Updating the evidence. A systematic review of what works in preventing childhood unintentional injuries: Part 2

Updating the evidence. A systematic review of what works in preventing childhood unintentional injuries: Part 2

Preventing unintentional injuries to children under 15 years in the outdoors: a systematic review of the effectiveness of educational programs

Evaluation of interventions to prevent injuries: an overview

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