Teachers’ recognition and reporting of child abuse: a factorial survey

O’Toole, Richard; Webster, Stephen; O’Toole, Anita Werner; Lucal, Betsy

doi:10.1016/s0145-2134(99)00074-5

Cited by 95 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Some other studies have also suggested that females have stricter normative standards in judging child abuse than males (O'Toole et al, 1999), and more negative attitudes towards CSA in general (Hegna et al, 2004;Tennfjord, 2006). In contrast to those previous findings, no gender differences in attitudes towards reporting CSA were detected in the current investigation.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

“…Background characteristics (such as age, gender, ethnicity, own history of childhood abuse, and being a parent) appear to be strong predictors of reporting both CAN and CSA (Ashton, 2004(Ashton, , 2010Fraser, Mathews, Walsh, Chen, & Dunne, 2010;Hansen et al, 1997;Kenny, 2001;Pecnik & Brunnberg, 2005;Webster et al, 2005;Zellman & Bell, 1990). Some studies have suggested that females have stricter normative standards in judging child abuse than males (O'Toole, Webster, O'Toole, & Lucal, 1999), and a more negative attitude towards CSA (Hegna, Mossige, & Wichstrom, 2004;Tennfjord, 2006). Notably, it was argued that attitudes toward CSA in general may affect the reporting of sexual abuse (Maynard & Wiederman, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender Differences in Psychosocial Predictors of Attitudes Toward Reporting Child Sexual Abuse in the United Kingdom

Humphries

Debowska

Boduszek

et al. 2016

Journal of Child Sexual Abuse

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There is a dearth of research investigating psychosocial correlates of attitudes towards reporting child sexual abuse (CSA) in males and females, and a lack of such studies drawing on participants from the UK. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to examine gender differences in social and psychological predictors of attitudes towards reporting CSA. Participants drawn from the UK general population were recruited via an opportunistic sampling method. Cross-sectional design using self-report questionnaire was utilized. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that social support, masculinity, and age form significant associations with attitudes towards reporting CSA in females (total variance explained by the model was 25%).In the male sample, the only significant predictor of attitudes towards reporting CSA was interpersonal manipulation (total variance explained by the model was 9%). This study provides an important insight into psychosocial barriers/facilitators to reporting CSA. Such knowledge is crucial for the early detection and prevention of abuse.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in Psychosocial Predictors of Attitudes Toward Reporting Child Sexual Abuse in the United Kingdom

Humphries

Debowska

Boduszek

et al. 2016

Journal of Child Sexual Abuse

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“…Classical applications consist of the evaluation of fairness of income (Alves and Rossi 1978;Hermkens and Boerman 1989;Jasso and Rossi 1977;Jasso and Webster Jr. 1997;Jasso and Webster Jr. 1999;Shepelak and Alwin 1986), the criteria for welfare payments and fair tax rates (Liebig and Mau 2002;Liebig and Mau 2005), and the rating of social status of households (Meudell 1982;Nock 1982;Rossi 1979;Rossi, Sampson, Bose, Jasso, and Passel 1974). In addition, factorial surveys have been used to reveal respondents' definitions of sexual harassment (Garret 1982;O'Toole, Webster, O'Toole, and Lucal 1999), appropriate sentences for criminals (Berk and Rossi 1977;Hembroff 1987;Miller, Rossi, and Simpson 1986), criteria for the desirability of immigrants (Jasso 1988) and for deserving medical treatment (Hechter, Ranger-Moore, Jasso, and Horne 1999). Further applications are decision rules of professionals like teachers or nurses (Ludwick, Wright, Zeller, Dowding, Lauder, and Winchell 2004;O'Toole, Webster, O'Toole, and Lucal 1999), the preconditions for social norms (Diefenbach and Opp 2007;Jasso and Opp 1997), trust (Buskens and Weesie 2000), or discriminating behavior (John and Bates 1990), or even possibilities of overcoming social dilemmas (Abraham, Auspurg, and Hinz 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Equals Most Important? Order Effects in Vignette-Based Measurement

Auspurg

Jäckle

2015

Sociological Methods & Research

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in First equals most important? Order effects in vignette-based measurement Non-technical summaryVignettes are increasingly used in social science surveys, to measure how people make decisions and what determines their attitudes. A vignette typically describes a hypothetical situation or object, about which respondents are asked to make a judgment. The object is described as having various characteristics. For example in our research, the vignettes describe full-time employees. The characteristics of the vignettes are experimentally varied, so that researchers can estimate the impact of individual characteristics on respondents'judgments. In our research we use vignettes to investigate which characteristics of an employee, or the organization they are working for, should determine how much they earn, in order for their earnings to be judged as fair. Our results show that strong order effects can occur, which alter conclusions about which characteristics respondents think should determine how much an employee earns. The order however only matters when the vignettes are complex, that is, when employees are described with 12 rather than 8 different characteristics -or when respondents are asked two questions about each vignette rather than just one. Order effects are more likely for respondents who have little knowledge or weak attitudes about the topic the vignettes are describing. Contrary to expectations respondents' cognitive ability did not appear to matter. The results have implications for how best to design vignettes, in order to avoid order effects that could impact results. First equals most important?Order effects in vignette-based measurement Katrin Auspurg (University of Konstanz) and Annette Jäckle (University of Essex) AbstractA vignette typically describes a hypothetical situation or object which respondents are asked to judge. The object is described as having different dimensions, the values of which are experimentally varied, so that their impact on respondents' judgments can be estimated. We examine 1) whether the order in which dimensions are presented impacts estimates, and 2) under which conditions order effects are mostly likely. Using data from a web survey of students we analyze several possible conditions: features of the vignette design, characteristics of respondents, and interactions between these. Our results show that strong order effects can occur, but only when the vignettes are complex.

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“…[25][26][27][28] The vignette related the story of a genetic research team considering what should be done with a recent research finding. Each vignette presented some combination of 10 attributes that, a priori, were deemed relevant to the formation of the professional judgment.…”

Section: Survey Instrumentmentioning

confidence: 99%

One thing leads to another: the cascade of obligations when researchers report genetic research results to study participants

Miller

Hayeems

et al. 2012

Eur J Hum Genet

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Even as debate continues about the putative obligation to proactively report genetic research results to study participants, there is an increasing need to attend to the obligations that might cascade from any initial report. We conducted an international, quasi-experimental survey of researchers involved in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and cystic fibrosis (CF) genetics to explore perceived obligations to ensure updated information or relevant clinical care subsequent to any initial communication of research results, and factors influencing these attitudes. 5-point Likert scales of dis/agreement were analyzed using descriptive and multivariate statistics. Of the 343 respondents (44% response rate), large majorities agreed that in general and in a variety of hypothetical research contexts, research teams that report results should ensure that participants gain subsequent access to updated information (74-83%) and implicated clinical services (79-87%). At the same time, researchers perceived barriers restricting access to relevant clinical care, though this was significantly more pronounced (Po0.001) for ASD (64%) than CF (34%). In the multivariate model, endorsement of cascading obligations was positively associated with researcher characteristics (eg, clinical role/training) and attitudes (eg, perceived initial reporting obligation), and negatively associated with the initial report of less scientifically robust hypothetical results, but unaffected by perceived or hypothetical barriers to care. These results suggest that researchers strongly endorse information and care-based obligations that cascade from the initial report of research results to study participants. In addition, they raise challenging questions about how any cascading obligations are to be met, especially where access challenges are already prevalent.

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Teachers’ recognition and reporting of child abuse: a factorial survey

Cited by 95 publications

References 21 publications

Gender Differences in Psychosocial Predictors of Attitudes Toward Reporting Child Sexual Abuse in the United Kingdom

Gender Differences in Psychosocial Predictors of Attitudes Toward Reporting Child Sexual Abuse in the United Kingdom

First Equals Most Important? Order Effects in Vignette-Based Measurement

One thing leads to another: the cascade of obligations when researchers report genetic research results to study participants

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