Tea catechins reduce inflammatory reactions via mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in toll-like receptor 2 ligand-stimulated dental pulp cells

Roles of dental pulp fibroblasts in the recognition of bacterium-related factors and subsequent development of pulpitis

“…A recent report reveals that TGF-b1 inhibited TLR2 and TLR4 expression and attenuated odontoblast responses, and thus suggests the potential use of TGF-b1 in the clinical treatment of pulpal inflammation [51]. Our recent research demonstrates the antiinflammatory effect of catechin (bioactive polyphenols in green tea) on human dental pulp cells affected by bacterium-derived factors, especially TLR2 ligand [66,70]. Therefore, understanding of the mechanism underlying PAMPinduced pro-inflammatory reactions in the dental pulp is important for the development of future therapeutic strategies and treatments for pulpitis.…”

“…NF-kB is an oxidation-sensitive transcription factor that plays a critical role in the regulation of various genes that are important in cellular responses, including inflammation, innate immunity, growth and cell death [65]. In TLR2 ligand-stimulated human dental pulp fibroblasts, the phosphorylations of ERK 1/2, p38 MAPK, SAP/JNK and NF-kB were increased, and specific inhibitors of MAPKs or NF-kB markedly reduced the level of pro-inflammatory mediators [66].…”

Adzuki Bean (<i>Vigna</i><i> </i><i>angularis</i>) Extract Inhibits 3T3-L1 Preadipocyte Differentiation

“…It has been reported that adzuki bean extract contains some familiar physiologically active substances, such as catechin and saponin [15,16,17,18]. Catechin and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) are also reported to inhibit the differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes [19,20].…”

Species difference in reactivity to lignin-like enzymatically polymerized polyphenols on interferon-γ synthesis and involvement of interleukin-2 production in mice

“…For instance, tea polymerized polyphenols can inhibit pancreatic lipase activity [1], and turmeric root curcumin-derivatives can suppress colon cancer development [2]. In the food immunology field, many reports have suggested that low-molecular weight phenolic compounds such as curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, and resveratrol can suppress the immune system by inhibiting nuclear factor-κB activation [3][4][5]. These low-molecular weight polyphenols have been considered as anti-inflammatory substances and used as alternative medicines for the symptomatic therapy of inflammatory diseases [6,7].…”