TD-GC-MS Investigation of the VOCs Released from Blood Plasma of Dogs with Cancer

Abstract

An analytical TD-GC-MS method was developed and used for the assessment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from the blood plasma of dogs with/without cancer. VOCs released from 40 samples of diseased blood and 10 control samples were compared in order to examine the difference between both sample groups that were showing qualitatively similar results independent from the disease’s presence. However, mild disturbances in the spectra of dogs with cancer in comparison with the control group were observed, and six peaks (tentatively identified by comparison with mass spectral library as hexanal, octanal, toluene, 2-butanone, 1-octen-3-ol and pyrrole) revealed statistically significant differences between both sample groups, thereby suggesting that these compounds are potential biomarkers that can be used for cancer diagnosis based on the blood plasma TD-GC-MS analysis. Statistical comparison with the application of principal component analysis (PCA) provided accurate discrimination between the cancer and control groups, thus demonstrating stronger biochemical perturbations in blood plasma when cancer is present.

In vitro detection of small molecule metabolites excreted from cancer cells using a Tenax TA thin-film microextraction device

“…In addition, in a later study, they confirmed similar results and determined the possibility to discriminate LC patients from healthy controls based on the presence of 23 VOCs that were used as biomarkers [12]. In our recent study, we have used dog plasma samples and have found six compounds that were significantly different in the cancer group (different cancers) in comparison with a cancer-free group of dogs [13]. All these results support the existence of small molecular cancer markers, and therefore the development of new materials and methods for reliable detection as well as studies in real patient groups for validation of biomarkers is required.…”

Feasibility of Canine Detection of Mass Storage Devices: A Study of Volatile Organic Compounds Emanating from Electronic Devices Using Solid Phase Microextraction

“…2‐ethyl‐1‐hexanol was found in all electronics and was not unique to the MSDs. 2‐ethyl‐1‐hexanol is used in many products to include solvents, lubricants, and fuels , and it also has been listed as a characteristic compound associated with certain explosives , blood plasma from cancer patients , and currency ink . Other compounds, however, were highly characteristic.…”

Prospects and Challenges of Volatile Organic Compound Sensors in Human Healthcare

“…Selyanchyn et al introduced an analytical method to assess VOCs in blood for cancer detection. 37 In their work, VOCs of blood plasma have been differentiated in between of carcinogenic and benign controls precisely. Although blood tests are more consistent than detection from other biofluids, obtaining blood samples is arduous, inefficient, invasive, and inapplicable for instantaneous POC applications.…”

“…Plasma derived endogenous VOCs in blood have attracted researchers for early cancer detection (e.g., gynecological, lung, etc.). Selyanchyn et al introduced an analytical method to assess VOCs in blood for cancer detection . In their work, VOCs of blood plasma have been differentiated in between of carcinogenic and benign controls precisely.…”