Taxonomy of<i>Helianthus</i>and Origin of Domesticated Sunflower

Heiser, Charles B.

doi:10.2134/agronmonogr19.c2

Cited by 35 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Helianthus annuus L. originated in North America, where wild sunflowers provide important genetic diversity for crop improvement (Heiser et al, 1969;Heiser, 1978;Putt, 1978;Zeven and de Wet, 1982;Miller, 1987;Gobbelen et al, 1989;Schneiter, 1997). Landraces are also important sources of genetic variability, because they have adapted to local environments as a result of natural selections over centuries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genetic resources, production and researches in Turkey

Tan¹,

Kaya

2019

OCL

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Sunflower is one of the leading oilseed crops and it is widely grown in the Thrace region of Turkey. In 2017, in Turkey as a whole, oilseed and confectionary sunflowers were grown on 779.622 ha with a total production of 1 964 385 t of seed, and average yields of 2.64 t ha−1 for oilseed and 1.67 t ha−1 for confectionary types. Turkey is one of the important countries for crop diversity and has been described as a microcenter for some crops, which originated in different parts of the world. Landraces of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) show significant diversity in Turkey and have been collected in the framework of the “National Industrial Plant Genetic Resources Project” (NPGRP). Nine hundred and thirty two oilseed and confectionary sunflower accessions are in longterm conservation in the National Seed Gene Bank of Turkey. The mission of the National Sunflower Research Project is to develop improved germplasm and hybrid varieties by conventional and biotechnical breeding techniques in Turkey. New germplasm and breeding lines have been developed to improve oilseed and confectionary sunflower hybrids with desired characters including high yield and oil quality, resistance to diseases such as: Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl de Toni., Puccinia helianthi Schw., and Orobanche cumana Walr. Adverse conditions are also taken under consideration. These studies are integrated with agronomic and other related research.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genetic resources, production and researches in Turkey

Tan¹,

Kaya

2019

OCL

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“…There was no regional differentiation with respect to the genetic and phenotypic traits examined, with only 5•00 and 0•27%, respectively, of the total variation attributed to regional differences. This may be due to the fact that this plant has a very short cultivation history (Heiser 1978) and its cultivars have been frequently exchanged between Europe and Asia (Kays & Nottingham 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Helianthus tuberosus originated in North America and was domesticated around 400 years ago (Heiser 1978;Schilling & Heiser 1981). However, cultivation on a large scale in North America has been sparse until now; however, interest in the crop as a feedstock for bioethanol has been promoted recently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germplasm diversity and differentiation ofHelianthus tuberosusL. revealed by AFLP marker and phenotypic traits

et al. 2013

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SUMMARYHelianthus tuberosus L. is regarded as one of the most important bioenergy crops because of its tolerance to arid conditions and its high biomass production. Future breeding programmes will rely on the available germplasm, thus necessitating a critical assessment of genetic diversity and differentiation in the species. The germplasm diversity and regional differentiation of H. tuberosus L. was assessed for 60 accessions collected from East Asia and Europe by means of amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), phenotypic traits and chemical analysis. The analysis did not reveal separate clusters for accessions from East Asia and Europe, with 5% for genetic and 0·27% for phenotypic variability, although some regional accessions were closely related to each other with respect to morphological, chemical and genetic variation. Both phenotypic and genetic relationships showed a moderate correlation with colour of tubers, which can be used as an important criterion for germplasm management of the crop. Three major genetic groups were identified from the accessions. Within the groups derived from the genetic data, both morphological and chemical traits were very variable. The most important features of Groups I, II and III were: Group I, strong sexual reproduction, higher above-ground biomass and nutrient content; Group II, longer vegetative growth; Group III, higher tuber yield and total sugar content. High diversity was found in both European and East Asian accessions as well as within each genetic group, suggesting that there is a strong base for future breeding from these plants.

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“…Munro and Small (1997) stated that plants found at wild or ruderal sites in Canada would be escapes from cultivation and distributed to many countries of the world (Swanton et al, 1992). It is unclear whether H. tuberosus was used only from wild plants or whether it had already been domesticated when encountered in the region of Massachusetts by Samuel de Champlain in 1605 (Heiser, 1978). Once established, H. tuberosus is able to outgrow its competitors as it reaches great heights in a short period of time and thereby shades other plants that are living in the close vicinity (Swanton and Cavers, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

THE FIRST REPORT OF THE INVASIVE ALIEN WEED JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE (Helianthus tuberosus L.) IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA

Pacanoski¹,

Mehmeti²

2020

AgricultForest

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A population of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.), an invasive plant A population of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.), an invasive plant species native to North America, was recorded in 2016 near Gradište and along the regional road R 1204 (Gradište, Skačkovce, Dobrošane and Kumanovo) in the northern mountainous part of the Republic of North Macedonia. H. tuberosus is a new species that is alien to Macedonian flora. Surveys revealed intensive growth and low-to medium-density populations of H. tuberosus. The population density was not quantified, but several stands of different sizes were found. An ecological risk assessment based mainly on knowledge about historical invasions in northwestern and central European countries showed that this species is a serious threat to Macedonia's biodiversity. Biological invasion of H. tuberosus affects global biodiversity, and the invaded ecosystems may suffer from significant loss of economic and cultural value. Specifically, is a threat to biodiversity in wet habitats, natural and extensively managed habitats, riparian areas and swamps. It grows best in habitats that are repeatedly disturbed by floods (i.e. riparian areas), but it may also occur in ruderal and agricultural environments. Although many herbicides can be used to control H. tuberosus, their use is limited as the plants are often near waterways, where use of herbicides is not recommended. Other control methods are time-consuming and can be quite costly.

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Taxonomy ofHelianthusand Origin of Domesticated Sunflower

Cited by 35 publications

References 7 publications

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genetic resources, production and researches in Turkey

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genetic resources, production and researches in Turkey

Germplasm diversity and differentiation ofHelianthus tuberosusL. revealed by AFLP marker and phenotypic traits

THE FIRST REPORT OF THE INVASIVE ALIEN WEED JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE (Helianthus tuberosus L.) IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA

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