Taxonomy of Cocoons and Puparia, and their Contents, of Canadian Parasites of <i>Diprion hercyniae</i> (Htg.) (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae)

unclassified

Association of Subzero Temperatures, Snow Cover, and Winter Mortality of Grasshopper Eggs in Saskatchewan

Riegert

1967

“…comm. ), has been recorded from: Diprion hercyniae by Finlayson (1960b) as afinis; N. abietis complex by Townes (1944) as affinis and by Cushman (1943) and Mason (1951) under both names; N. p. banksianae by Cushman (1940) and Mason (1951) as affinis; N. nanulus nanulus Schedl by Cushman (1943), Coppel (1954), and Underwood (1960Underwood ( , 1967 as walleyi and by Mason (195 1) as afinis; N. swainei Midd. by Walley (1933) and Townes (1944) as affinis; N. virginianus complex by Mason (195 1) as afinis; and N. sertifer by Finlayson (1960a), Lyons (1964a), and Walkley (1967) as walleyi.…”

Section: Rates Of Parasitismmentioning

confidence: 99%

PARASITISM OF NEODIPRION SERTIFER (HYMENOPTERA: DIPRIONIDAE) BY EXENTERUS SPP. (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE) IN ONTARIO, 1962–1972, WITH NOTES ON THE PARASITES

Lyons

1977

Four species of Exenterus were reared from the European pine sawfly, Neodiprion sertifer (Geoff.), in Ontario. An introduced species, E. abruptorius (Thunb.), last reported in Ontario in 1948, was recovered in very small numbers at one location. The native E. affinis Roh. (= E. walleyi Cush.) parasitized a small proportion of N. sertifer but was the main species attacking feeding larvae. The native E. nigrifrons (formerly called E. canadensis Prov.) and the introduced E. amictorius (Panz.) occurred at all sampled locations. Both species were more numerous in high than in low density populations of N. sertifer, but E. nigrifrons was more destructive, and E. amictorius less destructive, at high than at low density.About 60% of adults of E. amictorius and 6% of those of E. nigrifrons eclosed in the same summer that attack occurred. Most were unlikely to have reproduced, owing to the scarcity of hosts. In both species females were more frequent in female than in male hosts.Samples of N. sertifer cocoons in July were superior to larval samples in June and cocoon samples in August and the following May for measuring the rate of parasitism and the relative abundance of Exenterus spp. However, because of mortality of Exenterus before and after sampling, data based on the rearing of cocoons seriously underestimated the impact of the parasites.

“…Apparent parasitism by C. sublatus varied from 1 to 57%; the higher percentages (i.e., 32 to 57% ) occurred in samples of fewer than 50 pupae. Finlayson's ( 1960) description of the emergence hole of C. pedalis from the cocoon stage of Diprion hercyniae (Htg.) Generally only a small number of pupae could be found in outbreaks that had been decimated by starvation, disease, and/or egg parasitism the preceding year.…”

Section: Larval Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

INSECT PARASITES OF THE SADDLED PROMINENT, HETEROCAMPA GUTTIVITTA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOTODONTIDAE), IN THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES

Allen

1972

Can. Ent. 104: 1609Ent. 104: -1622Ent. 104: (1972 Samples of the egg, larval, and pupal stages of the saddled prominent, Heterocampa guttivitta (Walker), were obtained from infestations of this defoliator in six northeastern states. Seventeen species of primary parasites were recovered, 11 are new records for this host. A key to adult parasites is presented.Apparent parasitism of the egg stage by Telenomus coelodasidis Ashm. and Trichogramma minuturn Riley varied from 30 to 76% and 1 to 20% respectively. Aggregate apparent mortality ranged from 40 to 78%. As a rule, egg parasitism was highest in the upper crown of both sugar maple and beech. The developmental stages of parasitized eggs are described and illustrated.Two species of larval parasites were recovered: Phobocampe pallida (Cush.) from instar I11 and Eulophus anomocerus (Crawford) from instar V. Parasitism by each species was always less than 1%.Cratichneumon sublatus (Cress.) was the only pupal parasite found in all of the infestations examined. Parasitism ranged from 1 to 17% under outbreak conditions to as much as 32-57% the year following a collapse of the host population. A new species of Patelloa (Tachinidae) was recovered from pupae in Maine and New York. Parasitism by the latter ranged from 3 to 7%. Ten species of Ichneumonidae and one species of Sarcophagidae were also recovered from the pupae. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST October 1972 FIG. 1. Saddled prominent populations sampled in this study.