Taxonomy and ecology of the Family Cytheruridae (Ostracoda) in Recent sediments from the northern Rio de Janeiro coast, Brazil

Abstract

Abstract. A study of the family Cytheruridae in Recent sediments from the coast of northern Rio de Janeiro State revealed the presence of four new species: (Hemicytherura auriculata, Oculocytheropteron delicatum, Oculocytheropteron circumcostatum and Semicytherura caudata,) and four previously described species (Semicytherura rugosoreticulata Whatley, Chadwick, Coxill & Toy, 1988, Oculocytheropteron macropunctatum Whatley, Chadwick, Coxill & Toy, 1988, Oculocytheropteron reticulopunctatum Whatley, Chadwick, Coxill & Toy, 1988 and Paracytheridea bulbosa Purper & Ornellas, 1989). A further two species Cytheropteron sp. and Kangarina sp. are left in open nomenclature due to paucity of the material. The ecology and distribution of the fauna suggest that the presence of many of these species, which also occur in colder waters off the coast of Uruguay and Argentina, is probably due to the upwelling of the South Atlantic Central Water in this area.

The Subfamily Cytheropterinae Hanai, 1957 (Subphylum Crustacea, Class Ostracoda) from the Southern Brazilian Continental Shelf

“…Distribution: Ramos et al (1999) and Machado et al (2005) recorded this species in open nomenclature in the inner shelf off Cabo Frio town (∼ 23 • S), Rio de Janeiro State. In this paper, Cytheropteron sudatlanticum sp.…”

“…In this paper, Cytheropteron sudatlanticum sp. nov. has been recorded between 32 • 57 S (Rio Grande do Sul State) and 23 • 08 S (Rio de Janeiro State), mostly from 49 to 120 water depth, mainly on mud and sandy mud ( Distribution: Ramos et al (1999) and Machado et al (2005) reported this species in the northern of Rio de Janeiro coast. In this work, O. delicatum occurs between 32 • 57 S (Rio Grande do Sul State) and 19 • 35 S (Espírito Santo State), from 25 and 158 m water depth, mainly on muddy sand and sandy mud with biodetritus (Table 1).…”

“…Living specimens were recovered by Dias-Brito et al (1988) between 4 and 14 m water depth, Plate 1. mainly on sand and muddy sand, in the Sepetiba Bay (23 • 09 S), Rio de Janeiro State. Ramos et al (1999) and Machado et al (2005) recorded many valves of this species in dry sediments recovered between the town of Cabo Frio and the Saquarema Lagoon, Rio de Janeiro State, from 42 to 74 m water depth. In the present study, O. circumcostatum occurs between 33 • 53.9 S (Rio Grande do Sul State) and 24 • 46 S (São Paulo State), from 18.6 to 66 m water depth, predominantly on sandy mud and muddy sand with biodetritus (Table 1).…”

“…A specific study on cytherurids from the Southwestern Atlantic was carried out by Whatley et al (1988) who described 34 species belonging to eight genera from samples collected from the Antarctic Peninsula, sub-Antarctic, Falkland (= Malvinas) Islands, Tierra del Fuego, the Magellan Straits and few samples from Uruguay and Rio Grande do Sul State (southernmost Brazil). In Brazil, Ramos et al (1999) and Coimbra et al (1999) have studied the taxonomy and ecology of cytherurids from the northern coast of Rio de Janeiro State and from the Equatorial shelf, respectively. Kowsmann and Costa, 1979) and distribution of studied samples.…”

Ostracoda and foraminifera from Paleocene (Olinda well), Paraíba Basin, Brazilian Northeast

“…and Eocytheropteron sp.). The Cytheruridae is a diverse and abundant family of marine/brackish water cytheracean Ostracoda (Ramos et al 1999), and in the Mesozoic they seem to have been confined to shelfal depths, with many species also in marginal marine habitats (Ballent and Whatley 2009), a behavior that may have been extended to the Paleocene. Shallower waters in this interval could be inferred not only by the dominance of the benthic ostracods and reduction in plancktonic foraminifera, but also by the increase of SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 (Nascimento et al 2011).…”