Taxonomic Studies on Some Group D Streptococci

Farrow, John A. E.; Jones, Dorothy; Phillips, Brian A.; Collins, M. D.

doi:10.1099/00221287-129-5-1423

Cited by 66 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…DNA was purified as described previously (12), and base composition was estimated by thermal denaturation in dilute saline citrate, using Escherichia coli NCDO 1984 as a standard.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brachybacterium faecium gen. nov., sp. nov., a Coryneform Bacterium from Poultry Deep Litter

Collins

Brown

Jones

1988

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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Chemotaxonomic studies were performed on some gram-positive coryneform bacteria of uncertain taxonomic position isolated from poultry deep litter. On the basis of the present chemical and previous phenetic studies, we suggest that these bacteria be classified in a new genus, Brachybacterium, as Brachybacterium faecium gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of Brachybacterium faecium is strain NCIB 9860.Schefferle (16) reported the isolation from poultry deep litter of a number of coryneform bacteria capable of degrading uric acid. Although the morphological, biochemical, and physiological characteristics of these strains were determined, their taxonomic position remained uncertain. Several of the isolates of Schefferle (16) were included in a numerical phenetic study by Jones (13) and were found to be related to Arthrobacter and Brevibacterium. However, three of the poultry isolates failed to cluster tightly with any recognized coryneform taxon although they did exhibit a "loose relationship" with Listeria denitrificans (13). The latter relationship was of particular interest as presently L . denitriJcans is represented by a single strain. Improvements in the classification of coryneform and related bacteria over the past decade have been almost entirely due to the application of chemotaxonomic methods. In particular, murein, nucleic acid, and lipid analyses have provided valuable criteria for distinguishing the major genera and for recognition of many new taxa (14) (see Table 3). Therefore, in this study we determined the chemical characteristics of the deep litter isolates mentioned above in an attempt to resolve their true taxonomic position. Our results indicate that these strains are closely related to each other but are quite distinct from all previously described coryneform taxa and warrant a new taxon, for which the name Brachybacterium faecium gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. MATERIALS AND METHODSCultures and cultivation. For peptidoglycan and lipid studies the test strains (Table 1) were grown in shake cultures (10 g of tryptone, 5 g of yeast extract, 5 g of glucose, and 5 g of NaCl in 1 liter of water, pH 7.2) at 28°C and were harvested in the stationary phase by centrifugation. For deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) work strains were cultivated on agar media and harvested in the late exponential phase.Peptidoglycan analysis. Walls were prepared from ca. 250 mg of dry cells by mechanical disruption with glass beads and were purified as described by Schleifer and Kandler (17). The amino acid compositions of complete wall hydrolysates were determined by using an automatic amino acid analyzer.DNA base composition determination. DNA was purified as described previously (12), and base composition was estimated by thermal denaturation in dilute saline citrate, using Escherichia coli NCDO 1984 as a standard.Analysis of fatty acids. Fatty acids were extracted from dry * Corresponding author.cells (50 mg) by acid methanolysis and were examined by gas-liquid chromatography as described previously (11). Analysis of isopre...

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“…DNA was purified as described previously (12), and base composition was estimated by thermal denaturation in dilute saline citrate, using Escherichia coli NCDO 1984 as a standard.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brachybacterium faecium gen. nov., sp. nov., a Coryneform Bacterium from Poultry Deep Litter

Collins

Brown

Jones

1988

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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“…Preliminary phenotypic tests indicated that the isolates were possibly related to the genus Lactobacillus, but they could not be assigned to any recognized species. In this article, phenotypic characteristics of these strains and the Farrow et al (1983) and the DNA G + C content (mol %) was determined by thermal denaturation as described by Garvie (1 978 et al, 1984) and the alignment was corrected manually. Distance matrices were produced with the DNADIST program of the PHYLIP package (Felsenstein, 1989) and a phylogenetic tree was constructed according to the neighbour-joining method with the NEIGHBOR program (Felsenstein, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and phylogenetic characterization of a novel Lactobacillus species from human sources: description of Lactobacillus iners sp. nov.

Falsen

Pascual

Sjödén

et al. 1999

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

147

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Eleven strains of a hitherto undescribed Gram-positive, catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic rod-shaped bacterium from human sources and medical care products were characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. The phenotypic properties of the bacterium were consistent with its assignment to the genus Lactobacillus but it was readily distinguished from all currently described species of this genus by its biochemical characteristics and by SDS-PAGE analysis of its cellular proteins. Comparative 16s rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated that the unknown bacterium was a member of rRNA group I Lactobacillus which includes Lactobacillus delbrueckii, the type species of the genus, and close relatives. Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus johnsonii were the nearest phylogenetic relatives of the unknown bacterium, but 165 rRNA sequence divergence values of ~4 % clearly showed that it represents a distinct species. Based on both phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium should be classified in the genus Lactobacillus, as Lactobacillus hers sp. nov. The type strain of Lactobacillus hers is CCUG 28746T.

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“…In 1970, Kalina proposed that S. faecalis and S. faecium should be transferred to the genus Enterococcus (27). Nucleic acid studies have confirmed that S. faecalis and S. faecium are only distantly related to S. bovis and S. equinus (10,28). Therefore, S. faecalis and S. faecium, as well as eight other species, were reclassified into their own genus, Enterococcus (6,53).…”

Section: Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%