Taxol-producing Fungi: A New Approach to Industrial Production of Taxol

Chemical profile, agaritine and selenium content of Agaricus bisporus

“…They act as a good source of K, Mg, Ca, Cu, Fe, Zn, and P and have low content of Na. Several other compounds have also been detected from A. bisporus as reported by numerous workers (Shi et al 2002;Andersson and Gry 2004;Gergely et al 2005;Ji, et al 2006;Ey et al 2007;WU 2007;Borchers et al 2008;De Barros 2008;Sadiq et al 2008;USCDC 2009;UN 2010).…”

“…Shi et al, (2002) and Gergely et al (2005). (Wang et al 2007;WU et al 2007;USCDC 2009;UN 2010), which include anticancer agents such as fatty acids poly saccharides, and ergosterol (Takaku et al 2001;Ren et al 2008;Koyyalamudi et al 2009);N,N,N-tris (hydrazinecarbonyl) phosphoric triamide, selenium and vaccenic acid (Shi et al 2002; Sosnovsky and Rao 2004; Gergely et al 2005;De Barros 2008;Mattila et al 2010); antihypercholesterol agents such as fatty acids, glycoproteins, sterols and vaccenic acid (Ey et al 2007;Borchers et al 2008;De Barros 2008); antimicrobial agents such as agaritine and alcohols (Janak, et al 2006;Nagadka, et al 2006;Roupas, et al 2010); anti-cardiovascular disease agents such as fatty acids, sterols and pyran derivative (SCB, 2007(SCB, -2010; human health supporting agent's such as fatty acids, sterols and sugar alcohols (Andersson and Gry 2004;Ji, et al 2006); immune enhancer agents such as fatty acids, glycoproteins, polysaccharides and sterols (UN, 2010);…”

“…A. bisporus has many medicinal metabolites responsible for the therapeutic activity for which the treatment and prevention of many human diseases act as anti-cancer agents such as polysaccharides, fatty acids and ergosterol, N,N,Ntris"hydrazine carbonyl" phosphoric triamide, selenium and vaccenic acid; anti-hyper cholesterol agents (fatty acids, glycoproteins, sterols and vaccenic acid); anti-microbial agents (agaritine and alcohols); anti-cardiovascular disease metabolites (fatty acids, sterols and pyran derivative); hepato protective agent (triterpenoids); human health supporting agent's (fatty acids, sterols and sugar alcohols); immune enhancer metabolites (fatty acids, glycoproteins, polysaccharides and sterols). These medicinal metabolites such as β-glucan and G-glucan; polysaccharide K or PSK "protein bound polysaccharide"; phenols; polyketides, triterpenoids and sterols (De Barros, 2008); PSK (UN 2010); triterpenoids, lectins glycoprotein's (WU et al 2007;USCDC 2009;UN 2010); ergothioneine (Ey et al 2007;Borchers et al 2008); selenium (Shi et al 2002;Gergely et al 2005); pyran derivative (SCB, 2007(SCB, -2010; essential fatty acids (Andersson and Gry 2004;Ji, et al 2006) and eicosanoids (WFI 2011 e ). Essential fatty acids in A. bisporus act against aromatase enzyme which used in estrogen production.…”

Isoprenoid Production via Plant Cell Cultures: Biosynthesis, Accumulation and Scaling-Up to Bioreactors

“…Another alternative source is semi-synthetic production of taxol, which utilises intermediates such as baccatin III and 10-deacetylbaccatin III, found in needles of Taxus . BMS, a leading global supplier of taxol, has a farm of 30 billion yews to supply the bark and needles necessary for the extraction of intermediates [ 203 ]. In 2007, Indena developed and patented a protocol of taxol semisynthesis based on 10-deacetylbaccatin III, which is extracted from T. baccata trees cultivated in the company plantations ( www.Indena.com ).…”

Piperine production by endophytic fungus Periconia sp. Isolated from Piper longum L.

“…1,29,[47][48][49] The discovery of fungal endophytes with piperine-producing potential may have significant scientific and industrial applications. However, there are several factors associated in its industrial implications; one major factor is the metabolic regulation of fungus in axenic culture.…”