Taxiway Navigation and Situation Awareness (T-NASA) System: Problem, Design Philosophy, and Description of an Integrated Display Suite for Low-Visibility Airport Surface Operations

Foyle, David C.; Andre, Anthony D.; McCann, Robert S.; Wenzel, Elizabeth M.; Begault, Durand R.; Battiste, Vernol

doi:10.4271/965551

Cited by 47 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The Advanced HUD display concept was based on the RIPS (Jones, 2005;Jones, Quach & Young, 2001) and T-NASA (Foyle et al, 1996;Atkins, 1999) concepts albeit without incursion alerting (Figure 6). The head-up display showed current ground speed in digital format, the current taxiway, next cleared taxiway, centerline markers and virtual cones on the taxiway edge.…”

Section: Advanced Head-up Displaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Taxiway-Navigation And Situation Awareness (T-NASA) concept (Figure 1) was developed to improve the efficiency and safety of airport surface operations in Category IIIB weather (no decision height, <1200 ft {366 m} Runway Visual Range (RVR)) (Foyle et al, 1996). T-NASA uses a suite of cockpit displays -a HUD and an Electronic Moving Map (EMM) concept, implemented on a Navigation Display (ND) or Electronic Flight Bag (EFB).…”

Section: Past Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthetic Vision Enhanced Surface Operations With Head-Worn Display for Commercial Aircraft

Arthur

Prinzel

Shelton

et al. 2009

The International Journal of Aviation Psychology

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Experiments and flight tests have shown that airport surface operations can be enhanced by using synthetic vision and associated technologies, employed on a Head-Up Display (HUD) and headdown display electronic moving maps (EMM). Although HUD applications have shown the greatest potential operational improvements, the research noted that two major limitations during ground operations were its monochrome form and limited, fixed field-of-regard. A potential solution to these limitations may be the application of advanced Head Worn Displays (HWDs) particularly during low-visibility operations wherein surface movement is substantially limited because of the impaired vision of pilots and air traffic controllers. The paper describes the results of ground simulation experiments conducted at the NASA Langley Research Center. The results of the experiments showed that the fully integrated HWD concept provided significantly improved path performance compared to using paper charts alone. When comparing the HWD and HUD concepts, there were no statistically-significant differences in path performance or subjective ratings of situation awareness and workload. Implications and directions for future research are described.

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Section: Advanced Head-up Displaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Past Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic Vision Enhanced Surface Operations With Head-Worn Display for Commercial Aircraft

Arthur

Prinzel

Shelton

et al. 2009

The International Journal of Aviation Psychology

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“…The Head-Up Display (HUD) surface operations concepts evolved from Taxiway Navigation and Situation Awareness ("T-NASA") research [8] and Runway Incursion Prevention System [9]. The HUD showed current ground speed in digital format, the current taxiway, next cleared taxiway, and centerline markers for the cleared CPDLC-assigned route.…”

Section: Head-up Displaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Collision Avoidance for Airport Traffic simulation evaluation

Jones

Prinzel

Shelton

et al. 2010

29th Digital Avionics Systems Conference

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“…The authors attributed this result to the fact that superimposing imagery (e.g., a runway outline) with its far domain counterpart (e.g., the true runway) created a sense of "fusion" between the near and far domain (the symbology and the real world, respectively), hence possibly "scene linking" the two (Foyle, Andre, McCann, Wenzel, Begault, & Battiste, 1996) in a way that would benefit divided attention to both. Finally, Ververs and Wickens (1998a) noted greater evidence for attentional tunneling (failing to notice an unexpected aircraft) in a HUD, when the HUD did not provide fused, scene-linked symbology with the far domain, than in a condition in which such scene linking was present (ground taxiing).…”

Section: Divided Attentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention and Trust Biases in the Design of Augmented Reality Displays

Yeh¹,

Wickens²

2000

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Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. ABSTRACTThis experiment seeks to examine the relationship between three advanced technology features (presentation of target cueing -and the reliability of that data, image reality, and interactivity) and the attention and trust provided to that information. In particular, we investigate the nature of two sorts of biases: an attention bias, in which the operator focuses attention to an area highlighted by the automation at the expense of other areas of the visual scene, and a trust bias, in which unwarranted attention is given to the guidance information.Sixteen military personnel searched for targets camouflaged in terrain, presented at two levels of scene detail (manipulated by varying the number of polygons with which the scene was generated and the level of the detail with which the scene was textured) while performing a terrain association task. Half the subjects actively navigated through the terrain; the other half passively viewed the control path of an active navigator. Cueing was presented for some of the targets, and the reliability of this information was manipulated at two levels (100% and 75%). More importantly, there were objects in the environment that were of high priority and uncued, and detection of these targets provided an assessment as to the degree of an operator's reliance on the cueing information. To assess trust in the terrain simulation, subjects were asked to perform terrain association given a hand-held paper map and report any inconsistencies between the visualization and the map.The results showed that the presence of cueing aided the target detection task for expected targets but drew attention away from the presence of unexpected targets in the environment. Cueing benefits and attentional tunneling were both reduced when cueing became less reliable. Unfortunately, despite knowing that the cue was only partially reliable, subjects still trusted the cue more than was warranted as evidenced by an increased false alarm rate, a drop in sensitivity, and a risky criterion shift. The degree of this change in sensitivity was so great that the loss of reliability in the cue eliminated the benefits of cueing.Finally, neither image reality nor interactivity directly influenced trust...

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Taxiway Navigation and Situation Awareness (T-NASA) System: Problem, Design Philosophy, and Description of an Integrated Display Suite for Low-Visibility Airport Surface Operations

Cited by 47 publications

References 8 publications

Synthetic Vision Enhanced Surface Operations With Head-Worn Display for Commercial Aircraft

Synthetic Vision Enhanced Surface Operations With Head-Worn Display for Commercial Aircraft

Collision Avoidance for Airport Traffic simulation evaluation

Attention and Trust Biases in the Design of Augmented Reality Displays

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