Taurine-induced diuresis and natriuresis in cirrhotic patients with ascites

Gentile, Silvia; Bologna, Enrico; Terracina, David; Angélico, M.

doi:10.1016/0024-3205(94)90030-2

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…It prevents fructose-induced hypertension but exacerbates hyperinsulinemia and hypertriglyceridemia in rats (Anuradha and Balakrishnan 1999; Harada et al 2004). This anti-hypertensive action is likely mediated by kinins and renal fluid excretion (Gentile et al 1994; Nandhini et al 2004; Nandhini and Anuradha 2004). In contrast, hypertension, insulin resistance, and renal damage in adult offspring that are induced by perinatal imbalance of nutrition may be prevented or improved by taurine treatment in the early or later life (Hoet et al 2000; Militante and Lombardini 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Dependent Effects of Perinatal Taurine Exposure on the Arterial Pressure Control in Adult Offspring

Roysommuti

Suwanich²,

Lerdweeraphon³

et al. 2009

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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The present study tests the sex-dependent effect of perinatal taurine exposure on arterial pressure control in adults. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed normal rat chow with 3% beta-alanine (taurine depletion, TD), 3% taurine (taurine supplementation, TS) or water alone (C) from conception to weaning. Their male and female offspring were then fed normal rat chow and tap water with 5% glucose (C with glucose, CG; TD with glucose, TDG; TS with glucose, TSG) or water alone (CW, TDW or TSW). At 7-8 weeks of age, they were studied in a conscious condition. Body weights were lower in male and female TDG and male TDW rats. Kidney to body weights increased in female TSW but not TSG. Plasma sodium and potassium were not significantly different among males. In the females, plasma sodium levels were lower in all glucose treated groups while plasma potassium levels were lower only in TDG. Hematocrit, fasting blood glucose, and glucose tolerance were not significantly different among sexes. Mean arterial pressures increased in male TDG, TSW, and TSG while in the females, mean arterial pressures increased in TDW, TDG, and TSG. Heart rates were not significantly different among sexes. The present data indicate that perinatal exposure alters arterial pressure control of adult rats and this effect is gender specific.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Dependent Effects of Perinatal Taurine Exposure on the Arterial Pressure Control in Adult Offspring

Roysommuti

Suwanich²,

Lerdweeraphon³

et al. 2009

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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“…The Panel concludes that these new ADME data support the contention that oral exposure to taurine was not increasing taurine levels in the brain and that this largely rules out the possibility of stimulatory effects from taurine at the level of the central nervous system. The SCF (2003) also noted that "since caffeine and taurine act via different mechanisms, any diuretic effects could be additive" and that "Both taurine (Gentile et al, 1994) and alcohol centrally inhibit the release of the antidiuretic hormone, vasopressin and the Committee considered that they could act additively to increase water and sodium loss from the body in the short-term".…”

Section: Combined Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SCF also noted that "since caffeine and taurine act via different mechanisms, any diuretic effects could be additive" and that "Both taurine (Gentile et al, 1994) and alcohol centrally inhibit the release of the antidiuretic hormone, vasopressin and the Committee considered that they could act additively to increase water and sodium loss from the body in the short-term".…”

Section: Human Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Available human data from the use of taurine in human medicine do not give any indication of safety concerns (Franconi et al, 1995;Takahashi and Nakane, 1978;Fukuyama and Ochiai, 1982;Airaksinen et al, 1980;Mantovani and DeVibo, 1979;Marchesi et al, 1975;Mutani et al, 1975;Azuma et al, 1983a;1983b;Fujita et al, 1987;Yamori et al, 1996;Krøll and Lund, 1966;Yamamoto et al, 1994;Gentile et al, 1994;Matsuyama et al, 1983;Podda et al, 1990;Kimura et al, 1992;Obinata et al, 1996;Durelli et al, 1982;Nyland et al, 1989;Kopple et al, 1990;Thompson 1988;Darling et al, 1985;Carrasco et al, 1990;Belli et al, 1987;Colombo et al, 1988;Smith et al, 1991;De Curtis et al, 1992;Skopnik et al, 1991;Colombo et al, 1990).…”

Section: Human Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of taurine and D-glucurono-gamma-lactone as constituents of the so-called “energy” drinks

2009

EFSA Journal

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SUMMARYFollowing a request from the Commission, the Scientific Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS) has been asked to evaluate the safety-in-use of taurine and D-glucurono-γ-lactone as constituents of the so-called "energy" drinks.In the present opinion the Panel evaluates the safety of taurine and D-glucurono-γ-lactone as individual ingredients of so-called "energy" drinks based on the new studies provided by the petitioner.The Panel does not evaluate the safety of "energy" drinks as such.Taurine and D-glucurono-γ-lactone are constituents of the so-called "energy" drinks, but they also occur at much lower levels as natural ingredients in food, and they are also normal human metabolites. Previous Scientific Committee on Food (SCF) Opinions have summarized safety studies of taurine and D-glucurono-γ-lactone, but the safety-in-use of these The use of taurine and D-glucurono-γ-lactone as constituents of the so-called "energy" drinksThe EFSA Journal (2009) 935, 2-31 two ingredients at the levels of exposure expected from their use in "energy" drinks could not be established at that time.In the absence of new chronic and acute exposure data, the exposures used in this opinion are based on the data reported by the SCF in 2003, i.e. a daily mean chronic consumption of 0.5 cans per person and a high chronic exposure at the 95 th percentile of 1.4 cans per regular consumer. The Panel notes that actual exposure data on "energy" drink consumption, especially for adolescents and young adults, may need to be collected. Based on the assumption that a can contains 250 mL and 4000 mg/L taurine and 2400 mg/L D-glucurono-γ-lactone, the SCF calculated that these values result in a mean daily exposure to 500 mg taurine (8.3 mg taurine/kg bw/day for a 60 kg person) and 300 mg D-glucurono-γ-lactone (5.0 mg D-glucurono-γ-lactone/kg bw/day for a 60 kg person). The 95 th percentile exposure of regular users would amount to 1400 mg taurine/day (23.3 mg/kg bw/day for a 60 kg person) and 840 mg D-glucurono-γ-lactone /day (14 mg/kg bw/day for a 60 kg person).If it is assumed that this amount of chronic consumption is relevant to occasional exposure of children of 25 kg body weight, then their exposure (on a body weight basis) would be about 2.5 times higher than that for adults (60-65 kg body weight). It must be emphasized that these estimates relate to chronic exposures by average and high consuming adults, and would not reflect the occasional and sporadic exposure that might occur in children. If the frequency of exposure for children would be 2.5 times lower than for adults, then the average chronic exposure for children, on a body weight basis, would be the same as for adults. If children were to consume the adult intake of 0.5 and 1.4 cans per person only once per week, then the average chronic exposure to "energy" drinks and their constituents for children, on a body weight basis, would be one third of that for adults.These estimates for the daily exposure to taurine and D-glucurono-γ-lactone from "energy"...

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“…In one study, taurine infusion in cirrhotic patients resulted in transient diuresis and natriuresis, apparently through the inhibition of the renin‐aldosterone axis . Based on this study, it could be hypothesized that taurine ingestion may also have a diuretic effect on healthy individuals.…”

Section: Diuretic Effect Of the Most Common Energy Drink Ingredientsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Performance outcomes and unwanted side effects associated with energy drinks

Mora-Rodríguez

Pallarés

2014

Nutr Rev

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Energy drinks are increasingly popular among athletes and others. Advertising for these products typically features images conjuring great muscle power and endurance; however, the scientific literature provides sparse evidence for an ergogenic role of energy drinks. Although the composition of energy drinks varies, most contain caffeine; carbohydrates, amino acids, herbs, and vitamins are other typical ingredients. This report analyzes the effects of energy drink ingredients on prolonged submaximal (endurance) exercise as well as on short-term strength and power (neuromuscular performance). It also analyzes the effects of energy drink ingredients on the fluid and electrolyte deficit during prolonged exercise. In several studies, energy drinks have been found to improve endurance performance, although the effects could be attributable to the caffeine and/or carbohydrate content. In contrast, fewer studies find an ergogenic effect of energy drinks on muscle strength and power. The existing data suggest that the caffeine dose given in studies of energy drinks is insufficient to enhance neuromuscular performance. Finally, it is unclear if energy drinks are the optimal vehicle to deliver caffeine when high doses are needed to improve neuromuscular performance.

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Taurine-induced diuresis and natriuresis in cirrhotic patients with ascites

Cited by 18 publications

References 31 publications

Sex Dependent Effects of Perinatal Taurine Exposure on the Arterial Pressure Control in Adult Offspring

Sex Dependent Effects of Perinatal Taurine Exposure on the Arterial Pressure Control in Adult Offspring

The use of taurine and D-glucurono-gamma-lactone as constituents of the so-called “energy” drinks

Performance outcomes and unwanted side effects associated with energy drinks

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