Task Positive and Default Mode Networks during a Parametric Working Memory Task in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients and Healthy Controls

Abstract

Both TPN and DMN are affected in OSA patients, with nocturnal desaturation affecting both networks; whereas BMI appears to be the major negative factor influencing the TPN and has a significant negative correlation with behavioral performance.

Functional disconnection of the right anterior insula in obstructive sleep apnea

“…Previous literature has described altered activation of the CEN and deactivation of the DMN during working memory tasks in OSA patients [24,49,50]. Recent rs-fMRI studies also demonstrate functional disconnection in brain areas of the CEN and DMN in OSA patients [6,51].…”

“…To explain for cognitive deficits, numerous neuroimaging studies have been done to identify brain structural and functional impairments in OSA patients, including reduced gray matter volume and white matter integrity, brain metabolic abnormalities, Page 4 of 29 5 altered brain activation and deactivation in the CEN, DMN and SN [19][20][21][22][23][24]. Although metabolic abnormality of the AIns has been linked to neuropsychologic deficits in OSA patients [25], as the critical node in switching between the DMN and CEN, the changes in the resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) between the right AIns and the two networks in OSA remain largely unknown.…”

“…In all participants, the digits backward (DB) subtest of the digit span test of the Chinese Revised Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-RC) [29] was used to measure working memory performance, which was often impaired in OSA patients [24]. In the DB test, a variable number of random digits were read aloud by the examiner at a rate of one digit per second and then the subject was asked to repeat the digits in the reverse order immediately.…”

Structural and functional neural adaptations in obstructive sleep apnea: An activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis

“…Fifteen publications that recruited 290 OSA patients and 290 healthy controls were included (Ayalon et al, 2009a, Ayalon et al, 2006, Fatouleh et al, 2014, Harper et al, 2003, Henderson et al, 2003, Joo et al, 2010, Li et al, 2015, Macey et al, 2006, Macey et al, 2003, Morrell et al, 2010, Prilipko et al, 2011, Santarnecchi et al, 2013, Torelli et al, 2011, Yaouhi et al, 2009, Zhang et al, 2013) (Table 1, Fig. 1).…”

Sleep and Heat Related Changes in the Cognitive Performance of Underground Miners: A Possible Health and Safety Concern

“…Executive functions such as innovation [56], multi-tasking [57], working memory (that which requires storage of information necessary for the performance of a given task) [58], impulsiveness [59], and verbal skills [60] are altered as a result of sleep disruptions. Further, chronically sleep deprived individuals demonstrate poor introspective understanding of the extent of their impairment [61].…”