Targeting suicide prevention to modifiable risk factors: has bipolar II been overlooked?

Akiskal, Hagop S.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2007.01115.x

Cited by 29 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…11 However, a more recent study showed that patients with bipolar I disorder had higher rates of suicide attempt than their bipolar II disorder counterparts, but patients with bipolar II disorder had a higher lethality of suicide attempts than bipolar I patients, with a ratio of suicide attempts:completed suicide of 5.12:10.8. 19 On the other hand, a higher rate of suicide attempt in patients with bipolar II disorder than in those with bipolar I disorder has also been reported. 56,57 Other studies have reported no difference between bipolar I and II disorders in the rates of suicide attempt.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 A higher lethality in patients with bipolar II disorder than in those with major depressive disorder was also found in a more recent study of suicidal behaviors in 2826 patients with mood disorders. 19 Clearly, to identify factors associated with the increased risk for suicide attempt in patients with rapid-cycling bipolar disorder is imperative. Therefore, we proposed to use the cross-sectional data of a cohort of patients with rapid-cycling bipolar disorder to study the independent predictors of a past suicide attempt.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Correlates of Historical Suicide Attempt in Rapid-Cycling Bipolar Disorder

Gao¹,

Tolliver²,

Kemp³

et al. 2009

J. Clin. Psychiatry

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Objective A rapid-cycling course in bipolar disorder has previously been identified as a risk factor for attempted suicide. This study investigated factors associated with suicide attempts in patients with rapid-cycling bipolar I or II disorder. Method Cross-sectional data at the initial assessment of patients who were enrolled into 4 clinical trials were used to study the factors associated with suicide attempt. An extensive clinical interview and the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview were used to ascertain DSM-IV diagnoses of rapid-cycling bipolar disorder, substance use disorders, anxiety disorders, psychosis, and other clinical variables. Chi-square, t test, and logistic regression or Poisson regression were used to analyze the data where appropriate, with odds ratios (ORs) for relative risk estimate. The data were collected from September 1995 to June 2005. Results In a univariate analysis, 41% of 561 patients had at least 1 lifetime suicide attempt. Earlier age of depression onset, bipolar I subtype, female sex, unmarried status, and a history of drug use disorder, panic disorder, sexual abuse, and psychosis were associated with significantly higher rates of attempted suicide (all p<.05). After considering 31 potential confounding factors in the stepwise logistic regression model (n = 387), any Axis I comorbidity (OR=2.68, p = .0219), female sex (OR= 2.11, p = .0005), psychosis during depression (OR = 1.84, p = .0167), bipolar I subtype (OR= 1.83, p = .0074), and history of drug abuse (OR = 1.62, p = .0317) were independent predictors for increased risk of attempted suicide. However, white race was associated with a lower risk for suicide attempt (OR = 0.47, p = .0160). Psychosis during depression (p = .0003), bipolar I subtype (p = .0302), and physical abuse (p = .0195) were associated with increased numbers of suicide attempts by 248%, 166%, and 162%, respectively; white race was associated with a 60% decrease in the number of suicide attempts (p=.0320). Conclusion In this highly comorbid group of patients with rapid-cycling bipolar disorder, 41% had at least 1 suicide attempt. Among the demographics, female sex was positively associated, but white race was negatively associated, with the risk for suicide attempt. Independent clinical variables for increased risk and/or number of attempted suicides were any Axis I comorbidity, psychosis during depression, bipolar I subtype, a history of drug abuse, and physical abuse.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Correlates of Historical Suicide Attempt in Rapid-Cycling Bipolar Disorder

Gao¹,

Tolliver²,

Kemp³

et al. 2009

J. Clin. Psychiatry

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“…Because it is well known that patients with BD-II are at a higher risk for attempting and completing suicide (Pompili et al, 2009;Rihmer and Pestality, 1999) and that hopelessness has been found to be a good predictor of suicidal behavior (Beck et al, 1990;Akiskal, 2007), understanding the relationship between these factors, and the possibly differential association of these factors, in patients with BD-I and BD-II disorders would give us better insight in to the nature of the emergence of suicidal behavior .…”

Section: Risk Factors Associated With Psychological Causesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for suicide in bipolar disorder: A systematic review

Costa¹,

Alencar²,

Neto³

et al. 2015

Journal of Affective Disorders

100

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“…According to the last updated list of suicide rates of the World Health Organization (WHO), the highest suicide rates per 100,000 population was 38.6 in the Lithuania during 2005, and the lowest rate in Azerbaijan during 2001 was 1.1. The risk factors leading to suicide are also different from one place to another, according to a long list including ethnic group, country, latitude, season and the social frame of the society (1). In Greenland, the increased rates of suicide are attributed to the change and modernization of society with specific relation to alcohol and abuse (4).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…A lthough suicide is a relatively rare event, it ranks among the top 10 causes of death in most western countries (1), and it has been recognized as a major problem in many societies, both in the developed and developing world (2). However, its proportion is different from one society to another, one place to another and even one period to another.…”

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confidence: 99%

Suicide in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, state of the art

Hanna

Ahmad

2009

Nordic Journal of Psychiatry

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In recent years the, incidence of suicide in Kurdistan has been increasing, especially among females, to a degree it cannot be neglected. Consequently, attention was given to this phenomena and the aggressive method of suicide used by young peoples, especially females, in Kurdistan. In attempt to obtain an objective picture of the frequently media-reported suicide among youths and women in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The responsible authorities and medical service units in the region were visited to collect information, and the available data were explored to produce a state-of-the-art overview on the subject. Because of insufficient documentation and lack of systematic registration, the data on suicide were scattered and difficult to evaluate. However, the findings did confirm that suicide exists as a serious problem in the society in Kurdistan, particularly among females. Urgent attention is demanded from the responsible authorities and organizations concerned in the region. Further research is needed to investigate the exact extent of suicide and its correlates in the society in Kurdistan, in order to plan for effective preventive measures.

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Targeting suicide prevention to modifiable risk factors: has bipolar II been overlooked?

Cited by 29 publications

References 96 publications

Correlates of Historical Suicide Attempt in Rapid-Cycling Bipolar Disorder

Correlates of Historical Suicide Attempt in Rapid-Cycling Bipolar Disorder

Risk factors for suicide in bipolar disorder: A systematic review

Suicide in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, state of the art

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