Targeted lipidomics reveals associations between serum sphingolipids and insulin sensitivity measured by the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp

Abstract

Background SPs are a group of ubiquitously produced lipids that are structurally involved in cell membranes and include SMs, ceramides, GM3s, etc. Sphingolipids and their substrates and constituents, FAs, are implicated in the pathogenesis of various metabolic diseases associated with obesity, diabetes, and atherosclerosis. Decreased insulin sensitivity or insulin secretion is a multifactorial condition related to obesity and diabetes. Therefore, it is likely that perturbations in serum SPs are associated with diseases. Identifying these associations may reveal useful predictors or give perceptive insight into disease processes. This study aimed to systematically investigate the associations between serum sphingolipids and insulin sensitivity as well as insulin secretion. This study also aimed to reveal potential predictors for insulin sensitivity or give perceptive insight into disease processes. Methods We conducted a lipidomics evaluation of molecularly distinct SPs in the serum of 86 consecutive Chinese adults with or without obesity and diabetes using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry coupled with liquid chromatography. The GIR 30 was measured under steady conditions to assess insulin sensitivity by the gold standard hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, and FPIR was measured to evaluate insulin secretion by the IVGTT. We created the ROC curves to detect the serum SMs diagnostic value and

Revealing the Hypoglycemic Effects and Mechanism of GABA-Rich Germinated Adzuki Beans on T2DM Mice by Untargeted Serum Metabolomics

“…Because sphingolipid decomposition metabolism might stimulate the effect of insulin signal transmission ( 38 ). In addition, Ye J et al have found that serum sphingolipids of SM/Cer and SM d18:0/26:0 associated with insulin sensitivity ( 39 ), and serum sphingolipids of hexose ceramide were determined the significant correlation with T2DM ( 40 ). Furthermore, tryptophan, an essential nutrient in mammals, has a variety of functions, such as maintaining immune homeostasis ( 41 ).…”

Ceramide d18:1/24:1 as a potential biomarker to differentiate obesity subtypes with unfavorable health outcomes

“…Data were derived from a cohort of participants who had undergone both hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and lipidomic analysis in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China [ 17 ]. The participants who underwent the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp had not taken any medication or supplement, had no history of smoking or high alcohol intake (four or more standard drinks per week for men and two or more standard drinks per week for women), severe disease, acute inflammation or pregnancy.…”

“…The hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp method established by DeFronzo et al was used to assess whole-body insulin sensitivity [ 20 ]. The specific clamp test details were described previously [ 17 ]. The hepatic glucose production could be suppressed by a high dose of insulin use (> 80 mU/m2*min).…”

“…The ceramide data were acquired from a cohort we have reported before. The participants of this cohort had conducted targeted lipidomics of 90 lipid species in 7 classes of lipids, including free fatty acids, sphingomyelins, ceramides, glu-ceramides, lac-ceramides, ganglioside and globotriaosylceramides [ 17 ]. Lipids were acquired from serum (20 µL) and dried in a SpeedVac of OH mode according to a modified version of Bligh and Dyer’s extraction method (double rounds of extraction).…”

Seminal plasma lipid profiles of differential cryotolerance of semen in Mediterranean Buffalo bulls

“…Then, 500 μl supernatant was vacuum centrifuged to dryness. The mass spectra and bioinformatics analyses were determined as previously described (Ye et al, 2021).…”