Targeted alterations in iron homeostasis underlie plant defense responses

Liu, Guosheng; Greenshields, David L.; Sammynaiken, Ramaswami; Hirji, Rozina; Selvaraj, Gopalan; Wei, Yangdou

doi:10.1242/jcs.001362

Cited by 153 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…To test whether ALG3 is important for the induction of ROS in plant cells, ROS production was assayed with 3,39-diaminobenzidine (DAB) staining in barley leaves inoculated with the wild-type and Dalg3 strains as described previously (Liu et al, 2007). Whereas ROS was barely detectable in barley epidermal cells penetrated by the wild-type P131 and complemented strain cALG3, strong induction of ROS was observed in cells infected by the Dalg3 mutant ( Figures 5A and 5B).…”

Section: Alg3 Is Required For Suppressing the Production Of Ros In Plmentioning

confidence: 97%

N-Glycosylation of Effector Proteins by an α-1,3-Mannosyltransferase Is Required for the Rice Blast Fungus to Evade Host Innate Immunity

et al. 2014

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Plant pathogenic fungi deploy secreted effectors to suppress plant immunity responses. These effectors operate either in the apoplast or within host cells, so they are putatively glycosylated, but the posttranslational regulation of their activities has not been explored. In this study, the ASPARAGINE-LINKED GLYCOSYLATION3 (ALG3)-mediated N-glycosylation of the effector, Secreted LysM Protein1 (Slp1), was found to be essential for its activity in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. ALG3 encodes an a-1,3-mannosyltransferase for protein N-glycosylation. Deletion of ALG3 resulted in the arrest of secondary infection hyphae and a significant reduction in virulence. We observed that Dalg3 mutants induced massive production of reactive oxygen species in host cells, in a similar manner to Dslp1 mutants, which is a key factor responsible for arresting infection hyphae of the mutants. Slp1 sequesters chitin oligosaccharides to avoid their recognition by the rice (Oryza sativa) chitin elicitor binding protein CEBiP and the induction of innate immune responses, including reactive oxygen species production. We demonstrate that Slp1 has three N-glycosylation sites and that simultaneous Alg3-mediated N-glycosylation of each site is required to maintain protein stability and the chitin binding activity of Slp1, which are essential for its effector function. These results indicate that Alg3-mediated N-glycosylation of Slp1 is required to evade host innate immunity.

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Section: Alg3 Is Required For Suppressing the Production Of Ros In Plmentioning

confidence: 97%

N-Glycosylation of Effector Proteins by an α-1,3-Mannosyltransferase Is Required for the Rice Blast Fungus to Evade Host Innate Immunity

et al. 2014

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“…This leads to an increase in HR generation and cell death (Becana and Klucas, 1992;Moran et al, 1994;Liu et al, 2007). Thus, it can be hypothesised that the regulation of catalytic activities of transition metals could play a crucial role in plant ROS-mediated regulatory reactions.…”

Section: Possible Mechanisms Of K + -Channel Activation By Hrsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arabidopsis root K+-efflux conductance activated by hydroxyl radicals: single-channel properties, genetic basis and involvement in stress-induced cell death

Demidchik

Cuin

Svistunenko

et al. 2010

Journal of Cell Science

449

369

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SummaryReactive oxygen species (ROS) are central to plant stress response, signalling, development and a multitude of other processes. In this study, the plasma-membrane hydroxyl radical (HR)-activated K + channel responsible for K + efflux from root cells during stress accompanied by ROS generation is characterised. The channel showed 16-pS unitary conductance and was sensitive to Ca 2+ , tetraethylammonium, Ba 2+ , Cs + and free-radical scavengers. The channel was not found in the gork1-1 mutant, which lacks a major plasma-membrane outwardly rectifying K + channel. In intact Arabidopsis roots, both HRs and stress induced a dramatic K + efflux that was much smaller in gork1-1 plants. Tests with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy showed that NaCl can stimulate HR generation in roots and this might lead to K + -channel activation. In animals, activation of K + -efflux channels by HRs can trigger programmed cell death (PCD). PCD symptoms in Arabidopsis roots developed much more slowly in gork1-1 and wild-type plants treated with K + -channel blockers or HR scavengers. Therefore, similar to animal counterparts, plant HR-activated K + channels are also involved in PCD. Overall, this study provides new insight into the regulation of plant cation transport by ROS and demonstrates possible physiological properties of plant HR-activated K + channels.

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“…This indicates a role in signalling for PCD. Recently, Liu et al (2007) showed that the combined activation of SIPK, Ntf4 and WIPK induced an HR-like PCD.…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of reactive oxygen species in interactions between plants and pathogens

Shetty¹,

Jørgensen²,

Jensen³

et al.

Sustainable Disease Management in a European Context

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The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the consumption of molecular oxygen during host-pathogen interactions is termed the oxidative burst. The most important ROS are singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ), the hydroxyperoxyl radical (HO 2 ·), the superoxide anion O À 2 À Á , hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), the hydroxyl radical (OH -) and the closely related reactive nitrogen species, nitric oxide (NO). These ROS are highly reactive, and therefore toxic, and participate in several important processes related to defence and infection. Furthermore, ROS also play important roles in plant biology both as toxic byproducts of aerobic metabolism and as key regulators of growth, development and defence pathways. In this review, we will assess the different roles of ROS in host-pathogen interactions with special emphasis on fungal and Oomycete pathogens.

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Targeted alterations in iron homeostasis underlie plant defense responses

Cited by 153 publications

References 59 publications

N-Glycosylation of Effector Proteins by an α-1,3-Mannosyltransferase Is Required for the Rice Blast Fungus to Evade Host Innate Immunity

N-Glycosylation of Effector Proteins by an α-1,3-Mannosyltransferase Is Required for the Rice Blast Fungus to Evade Host Innate Immunity

Arabidopsis root K+-efflux conductance activated by hydroxyl radicals: single-channel properties, genetic basis and involvement in stress-induced cell death

Roles of reactive oxygen species in interactions between plants and pathogens

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