Tar evolution profiles obtained from gasification of biomass and coal

Brage, Claes; Yu, Qizhuang; Chen, Guanxing; Sjöström, Krister

doi:10.1016/s0961-9534(99)00069-0

Cited by 137 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The coal char gasification rate increased by eight fold at 1168 K in a mixture of 10:90 of coal char and switchgrass ash. In general, biomass is more reactive than any coal [99]. Its char is therefore continuously consumed during gasification, leaving very little remains at the end of the process, whereas coal char is less reactive and continuously accumulates in the bed during the course of the gasification.…”

Section: Devolatilization/pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Thermal Co-Conversion of Coal and Biomass/Waste

2014

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Abstract:Biomass is relatively cleaner than coal and is the only renewable carbon resource that can be directly converted into fuel. Biomass can significantly contribute to the world's energy needs if harnessed sustainably. However, there are also problems associated with the thermal conversion of biomass. This paper investigates and discusses issues associated with the thermal conversion of coal and biomass as a blend. Most notable topics reviewed are slagging and fouling caused by the relatively reactive alkali and alkaline earth compounds (K 2 O, Na 2 O and CaO) found in biomass ash. The alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEM) present and dispersed in biomass fuels induce catalytic activity during co-conversion with coal. The catalytic activity is most noticeable when blended with high rank coals. The synergy during co-conversion is still controversial although it has been theorized that biomass acts like a hydrogen donor in liquefaction. Published literature also shows that coal and biomass exhibit different mechanisms, depending on the operating conditions, for the formation of nitrogen (N) and sulfur species. Utilization aspects of fly ash from blending coal and biomass are discussed. Recommendations are made on pretreatment options to increase the energy density of biomass fuels through pelletization, torrefaction and flash pyrolysis to reduce transportation costs.

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Section: Devolatilization/pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Thermal Co-Conversion of Coal and Biomass/Waste

2014

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“…This could be due to their low concentration values, since tar concentration lower than 20-30 mg/Nm 3 measured using the SPA method shows much lower accuracy. Under most operational conditions, the concentrations of tar components measured by the LIFS method were higher than the values measured by the SPA method, which means that there could be some tar loss during the SPA tar sample pretreatment (solvent extraction) before the analysis [30].…”

Section: Individual Tar Compounds From Cfb Gasification Testmentioning

confidence: 79%

Tar formation in a steam-O2 blown CFB gasifier and a steam blown PBFB gasifier (BabyHPR): Comparison between different on-line measurement techniques and the off-line SPA sampling and analysis method

Meng

Mitsakis²,

Mayerhofen³

et al. 2012

Fuel Processing Technology

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Keywords:Circulating fluidized bed (CFB) gasifier Pressurized bubbling fluidized bed (PBFB) gasifier BabyHPR (Heatpipe Reformer)"" Solid phase adsorption (SPA) Laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy (LIFS) On-line tar analyzer (OTA) Two on-line tar measurement campaigns were carried out using an atmospheric pressure 100 ""kW th steam-O 2 blown circulating fluidized bed (CFB) gasifier at the Delft University of Technology (TUD) and a 30-40kW th steam blown pressurized bubbling fluidized bed (PBFB) gasifier BabyHPR (Heatpipe Reformer) at the Technical University Munich (TUM). Agrol, willow and Dry Distiller's Grains with Solubles (DDGS) were used. An FID based on-line tar analyzer (OTA), an induced fluorescence spectroscopy (LIFS) based on-line laser instrument, and offline solid phase adsorption (SPA) were used to quantify tar content. In general, there was a fairly good agreement between the measured results of the 10 corresponding individual tar compounds obtained from Agrol and willow CFB and PBFB atmospheric pressure tests using the SPA and LIFS methods. The measured tar concentration difference between these two methods was less than 10%. However, a higher difference (up to 30%) was observed for fluoranthene and pyrene obtained from DDGS CFB test as well as those obtained from willow PBFB under pressure test. The total tar concentration measured by the LIFS, SPA and OTA methods varied in a comparable way with changing process parameters. Both the LIFS and OTA methods can be used as indicators to observe gasifier's performance change in real time, but a regular calibration of the OTA analyzer is required to achieve good and reliable results.

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“…For example, coal tar and coal tar pitch are most typical coal derived by-products which have been intensively and thoroughly studied to utilize them for the production of various functional carbon materials such as carbon fiber, graphite electrodes and activated carbon [10][11][12]. Coal tar is a typical byproduct of coal carbonization which can be produced through the coal pyrolysis over 800°C in coke oven [13], while HPC is a very special coal liquefied products which has been only experienced the heat treatment of less than 400°C [14]. From these reasons, HPC has very different characteristics from coal tar.…”

Section: Of 10mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…* During the 3 min spinning time at the rotation speed of winder of 600 m/min. The resulting pitches were also analyzed by element analyses, 13 C-NMR ( Figure 5), and TOF-MS ( Figure 6). 13 C-NMR analyses indicated that the fa of obtained pitch increased with increasing SP due to the removal and polymerization of light matters (Table 2).…”

Section: Characterization Of Prepared Pitchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resulting pitches were also analyzed by element analyses, 13 C-NMR ( Figure 5), and TOF-MS ( Figure 6). 13 C-NMR analyses indicated that the fa of obtained pitch increased with increasing SP due to the removal and polymerization of light matters (Table 2). Meanwhile, there is a gradually decreased intensity of peak in the region around 30 to 50 ppm of the 13 C-NMR spectra, which indicated that the cross-linking bridges between the aromatic units were further broken during the thin layer evaporation process.…”

Section: Characterization Of Prepared Pitchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving Spinnability of Hyper-coal Derived Spinnable Pitch through the Hydrogenation with 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroquinoline

Yang¹,

Wu²,

Zhang³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract:The proper hydrogenation of Hyper-coal (HPC) using 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroquinoline (THQ) was able to decrease the oxygen content and adjust the molecular structure of HPC for preparing the spinnable pitch with high softening point (SP). The spinnable pitch prepared from the THQsoluble (QS) fraction of HPC as a precursor consisted more naphthenic carbon groups than that prepared from the 1-methylnaphthalene (1-MN) soluble (MNS) fraction of HPC. The HPC-QS derived spinnable pitch showed excellent spinning performance even the SP of 260°C, and the tensile strength of the resultant carbon fiber was increased to 1350 MPa with a diameter around 8 µm under the only carbonization temperature of at 800°C for 5 min.

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Tar evolution profiles obtained from gasification of biomass and coal

Cited by 137 publications

References 4 publications

A Review of Thermal Co-Conversion of Coal and Biomass/Waste

A Review of Thermal Co-Conversion of Coal and Biomass/Waste

Tar formation in a steam-O2 blown CFB gasifier and a steam blown PBFB gasifier (BabyHPR): Comparison between different on-line measurement techniques and the off-line SPA sampling and analysis method

Improving Spinnability of Hyper-coal Derived Spinnable Pitch through the Hydrogenation with 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroquinoline

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