Tar conversion over olivine and sand in a fluidized bed reactor using toluene as model compound

Morin, Mathieu; Nitsch, Xavier; Pécate, Sébastien; Hémati, Mehrdji

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2017.07.084

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, the small amount of CH 4 in the product stream is evidence that hydrodealkylation reaction (Eq. 6) is not significant [72]. It should be noted that the benzene produced from the aforementioned reactions can undergo reforming reactions to produce further CO and H 2, although these reactions are limited due to benzene stability [11,12].…”

Section: Role Of Temperature In the Tar Conversion On Olivine Catalystmentioning

confidence: 96%

Activity and Stability of Different Fe Loaded Primary Catalysts for Tar Elimination

Cortazar¹,

Álvarez²,

Olazar³

et al. 2021

SSRN Journal

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Section: Role Of Temperature In the Tar Conversion On Olivine Catalystmentioning

confidence: 96%

Activity and Stability of Different Fe Loaded Primary Catalysts for Tar Elimination

Cortazar¹,

Álvarez²,

Olazar³

et al. 2021

SSRN Journal

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“…The experiments conducted in sand (tests 1-7) and olivine (tests [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] fluidized bed showed that the performance criteria (P G , X cG , X cT and X cC ) are almost identical for the two media that were investigated and were found to follow a similar pattern within the given temperature range. Furthermore, the temperature has a notable effect on the syngas production yield (P G ) and the conversion rate of the carbon into syngas (X cG ) and into tars (X cT ).…”

Section: Effect Of the Temperature And The Nature Of The Fluidized Mementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of tars in pyrolysis gas is among the main technical challenges in these processes as it can lead to major process failures which in turn strongly impedes downstream valorization whether through cogeneration, catalytic methanation or biofuel synthesis [8]. Tar formation and degradation mechanisms have thus gained the interest of both the industrial and academia worlds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Products Distribution During Sewage Sludge Pyrolysis in a Sand and Olivine Fluidized Bed Reactor: Comparison with Woody Waste

Kessas

Esteves

Hémati

2020

Waste Biomass Valor

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The purpose of this article is to improve the understanding on sewage sludge (SS) pyrolysis behavior in a fluidized bed reactor between 700 and 890 °C. The experiments were carried out under a pure nitrogen atmosphere using sand and olivine as bed materials. The results gathered in this paper highlight the impact of temperature and bed materials on various performance criteria. It was observed that the use of olivine as a bed material affects the composition of the syngas, especially the fraction of the light hydrocarbons CH 4 and C 2 H X. It was also noticed that increasing the pyrolysis temperature yielded more syngas and reduced the condensable species and char quantities. Furthermore, an increase in temperature led to an increase in the fraction of benzene in tars. Comparing different kinds of fuels revealed that SS pyrolysis yields less syngas than pinewood and more syngas than municipal green waste. SS pyrolysis led to significantly higher CH 4 and C 2 H X yields than woody waste, as well as a higher tar quantity. It was also noticed that BTEX compounds account for 70% of the tars produced during the pyrolysis of each of the fuels that were studied at 850 °C. Findings show that the thermal decomposition of SS generates a syngas rich in H 2 (25-37 mol%), CO (23-40%), CO 2 (6-19%), CH 4 (9-21%) and C 2 H X (4-17%). The syngas lower heating value is varying between 14,000 and 22,000 kJ/Nm 3 .

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“…Most of the tar cracking catalysts studied in tandem with plasma are nickel or noble-metal supported catalysts. Traditional tar cracking catalysts such as dolomite [74,75,76], olivine [77,78,79], K 2 CO 3 [80,81], CaO [82,83,84], iron oxides [85] and chars [86,87,88] are yet to be explored. Indeed most of the catalysts found in many tar removal reviews [13,38,57,58] have been unexplored in tandem with plasma.…”

Section: Cold Plasmas In Hybrid Units: Secondary Refining Unitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of plasma in syngas tar cracking

Rueda

Helsen

2019

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Gasification of biomass and municipal solid waste is a technology that has been proposed as a dualpurpose solution for mitigating environmental impacts as well as for producing syngas, a very useful intermediary product for energy valorization and organic synthesis. However the presence of pollutants, notably tar, hamper this raw syngas (producer syngas) to be used in high-efficient energy applications such as jet engines, fuel cells or in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, limiting its economic value. For reducing tar a lot of scientific and technical effort has been devoted. In this paper, the state-of-the-art of plasma tar removal from syngas is done, focusing on the use of plasma in tandem with existing technologies, underlining its advantages and the remaining challenges. The most promising ways to get a syngas with very low tar levels using plasma seem to be: (i) tandem tar cleaning techniques (e.g. secondary plasma enhanced catalytic unit) and (ii) secondary thermal plasma cracking units. Keywords tar cracking • plasma • syngas cleaning 1 IntroductionThe conversion of carbon-rich raw materials such as biomass and Municipal Solid Waste(MSW) into syngas has been proposed as the perfect solution for decreasing the amount of waste and byproducts discarded while obtaining a syngas that can be used for organic

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Tar conversion over olivine and sand in a fluidized bed reactor using toluene as model compound

Cited by 27 publications

References 39 publications

Activity and Stability of Different Fe Loaded Primary Catalysts for Tar Elimination

Activity and Stability of Different Fe Loaded Primary Catalysts for Tar Elimination

Products Distribution During Sewage Sludge Pyrolysis in a Sand and Olivine Fluidized Bed Reactor: Comparison with Woody Waste

The role of plasma in syngas tar cracking

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