Taoist Themes in Yuan Drama (With Emphasis on the Plays of Ma Chih-Yuan)

Yu, Shiao-ling

doi:10.1111/j.1540-6253.1988.tb00594.x

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This separation technique has been widely used in the recovery, purification, and concentration of thermally sensitive substances such as the ones from natural sources which are usually heat sensitive and can be damaged if exposed to high temperatures. [35][36][37][38][39] Differently from traditional distillation that relies on differences between boiling points of the components, short path distillation relies on the various mean free paths of the different substances of a mixture. [40] Although this type of distillation has the numerous advantages described above, there are no published studies in the scientific literature in which this process is used in order to produce aviation biofuel from FAME.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short‐chain esters enriched biofuel obtained from vegetable oil using molecular distillation

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aviation fuels used in gas‐turbine engine powered aircraft are mainly obtained from the distillation of mineral oil. These jet fuel molecules present carbon chain length of C8 to C16 in the same range of fossil kerosene and have high calorific values and a great cold behaviour. With the increase in consumption of jet fuels, it has become extremely important to develop alternative fuels with adequate properties that could be capable of fulfilling the aviation industry requirements. In this context, aviation alternative fuel originated from sustainable raw materials must meet a set of safety requirements and should exhibit similar physicochemical properties to mineral kerosene. In this study the production of a short‐chain esters enriched biofuel using molecular distillation of FAME obtained from babassu oil was evaluated. Operational conditions were assessed to obtain high mass yields and high ester content in the carbon chain length range of kerosene. A fuel with properties close to those of aviation biofuels was obtained at 140 °C. At this temperature, more than 80 % of the esters in the product composition were within the desired range and there was a mass recovery higher than 88 %. In addition, the short‐chain esters enriched biofuel was blended with fossil kerosene at different concentrations and its properties were analyzed in order to study the effects of the gradual addition of this biofuel stream to commercial aviation kerosene. Density, heating value, freezing temperature, and pour point were evaluated. A mixture up to 6.0 % g/g accomplished the specification limits established by ASTM D1655.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%