2019
DOI: 10.1080/03067319.2019.1618460
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Tandem dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction coupled with micro-sampling flame atomic absorption spectrometry for rapid determination of lead(II) and cadmium(II) ions in environmental water samples

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Cited by 10 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…The calibration curves of DIC and FEB were plotted before and after applying enrichment protocol and their ratios were used to calculate the value of EF. ER was estimated according to the following equation: 52 ER% = EF × ( V Final volume / V Initial volume of plasma ) × 100 …”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The calibration curves of DIC and FEB were plotted before and after applying enrichment protocol and their ratios were used to calculate the value of EF. ER was estimated according to the following equation: 52 ER% = EF × ( V Final volume / V Initial volume of plasma ) × 100 …”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[12][13][14] Therefore, its precise determination in the environment and living organisms is highly important in terms of public health. Until today, a number of different analytical methods for the determination of the lead(II) ions have been used in the field, such as atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), [15,16] inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), [17,18] liquid chromatography, [19] stripping voltammetry [20,21] and UV-visible spectrophotometry. [22] Since these methods require a qualified personnel and specific and sensitive analytical instruments, and they are also expensive, laborious and time consuming, they are not quite suitable for the on-site analysis.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Physicochemical methods, such as high-performance liquid chromatography [ 1 ] and atomic absorption spectroscopy [ 2 ], make it possible to accurately define the types of chemical toxicants and their concentrations, but do not determine the degree of the toxic effect of substances on the natural ecosystem and do not reveal synergistic and antagonistic effects. The toxic impact of sample components can be established only using biological techniques, which imply the use of various trophic levels of living organisms: fish [ 3 , 4 ], plants [ 5 , 6 ], invertebrates [ 7 , 8 ], and microorganisms [ 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%