“…Reliability indicates the degree to which repeated application of the instrument to the same subject will produce the same results, and validity refers to the degree to which a given instrument measures what it is supposed to measure [115]. Of the 72 documents, only 17 explicitly state reliability [41,[47][48][49][51][52][53]63,68,72,77,89,97,99,100,112,114], and 9 explicitly state the validity of the instruments applied [42][43][44]46,57,87,88,105,106], which provides evidence of the limited transparency in data sharing.…”