Tailoring structure of Ni-rich layered cathode enable robust calendar life and ultrahigh rate capability for lithium-ion batteries

Identifying surface degradation, mechanical failure, and thermal instability phenomena of high energy density Ni-rich NCM cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries: a review

“…From the results of the decomposition, LiF play great role in the formation CEI layer and increases the cathode impedance, while PF 5 reacts with H 2 O to form acid HF. 88,89 Furthermore, the electrolyte LiPF 6 salt is unstable in the presence of H 2 O molecules and, at high temperature or high operation voltage, is decomposed by the following eqn (3) and the produced PF 5 react with water by forming the very dangerous acid that can attack the active materials surfaces eqn (4): 69,96 LiPF 6 → LiF + PF 5 PF 5 + H 2 O → POF 3 + 2HF…”

“…Due to the irreversible structural degradation of large surfaces, materials are at risk of thermal runaway and loss of active materials. 88 From the XRD patterns results, many researchers have proved that the Ni-rich cathode materials can be identified as either it is layered or not. Recently, Hoon-Hee Ryu et al 71 have studied that the powder XRD patterns of both single-crystalline Ni-rich NCM with Ni content 90% (S-NCM90) and polycrystalline NCM90 (P-NCM90) and they observed that as shown in Fig.…”

High Performance Nickel Based Electrodes in State-of-the-Art Lithium-Ion Batteries: Morphological Perspectives

“…The solid/ precipitant formed was separated and dried in an oven and producing Ni 0.6 Mn 0.2 Co 0.2 (OH) 2 . The precursor had a micro-spherical morphology with a surface covered with nanorod-like particles (Yang et al, 2019 A coprecipitation method was used to manufacture the precursor. The base material with a molar ratio of Ni:Mn:Co = 0.5:0.3:0.2 was added slowly to a Ni-rich solution containing Ni:Mn = 0.7:0.3.…”

“…The cycling stability was tested until 100 cycles and reached 91 % (Liu et al, 2016). NMC-622 nano-rod morphology showing good electrochemical performance with ~81 % capacity retention after 300 cycles (Yang et al, 2019 . Morphology analysis shows spherical particle and the primary particle is rod-shape particle (Noh et al, 2013).…”

Research Progress on the Surface of High-Nickel Nickel–Cobalt–Manganese Ternary Cathode Materials: A Mini Review

“…The high-nickel NCM ternary cathode material has a-NaFeO 2 structure; the space group is hexagonal R-3m; Li + is embedded in the layered structure of transition metal and oxygen atoms and inserted and extracted in the 2D gap (Li et al, 2014 ; Liu Y. et al, 2019 ). In high-nickel type LNCM cathode materials, Ni 2+ and Li + are prone to cation mixing (Yang et al, 2019b ). Cation mixing shifts the hierarchical R-3m space group to the tightly packed spinel Fm-3m space group.…”