Tailoring of carbonized polypyrrole nanotubes core by different polypyrrole shells for oxygen reduction reaction selectivity modification

Conversion of conducting polypyrrole nanostructures to nitrogen-containing carbons and its impact on the adsorption of organic dye

“…Polypyrrole nanotubes are of special interest due to their uniform morphology. 10 They convert similarly to nitrogen-containing carbon nanotubes 12,[16][17][18][19][20] and can be applied as new nanostructured nitrogen-enriched carbons. The carbonization of polypyrrole nanotubes improved the specific surface area from 86 m 2 g −1 to 105 m 2 g −1 .…”

“…The carbonization of polypyrrole nanotubes improved the specific surface area from 86 m 2 g −1 to 105 m 2 g −1 . 20 The specific surface areas enhancement after carbonization, 21 viz. 205 m 2 g −1 18 and 257 m 2 g − 1 16 has also been reported.…”

Frozen‐State Polymerization as a Tool in Conductivity Enhancement of Polypyrrole

“…PPy has been synthesized as nanoparticles, [11] nanofibers, [12] nanorods, [13] and nanotubes. [14][15][16] Many additives, such as organic dyes, surfactants, or amino acids, are used as structure guiding agents to modify the PPy morphology. [17] The addition of organic dyes to PPy polymerization has noticeable influence on the conductivity.…”

“…[17] The addition of organic dyes to PPy polymerization has noticeable influence on the conductivity. A typical example is methyl orange which is excessively used to prepare PPy nanotubes [14,16,[18][19][20] with conductivity reaching 103 S cm −1 . Acid Blue 25 added to the polymerization medium leads to formation of nanofibers with conductivity of 60 S cm −1 .…”

Microporous Organic Polymers: A Synthetic Platform for Engineering Heterogeneous Carbocatalysts

“…[3] Conventionally, carbon allotropes, such as carbon nanotubes or graphene sheets, [4][5][6][7][8] and natural products, such as chitosan, lignin, or nutshell, [9][10][11] have been used for the formation of metal-free carbocatalysts via thermal processes, where the catalysts can then be functionalized with heteroatom precursors to achieve the desired catalytic performance. Similarly, synthetic polymers including poly(styrene)s, poly(vinylpyrrolidone)s, polyimides, and other polymer resins have been used to generate carbonaceous materials, [12][13][14][15] which can allow further intuitive and uniform structural manipulation of the carbocatalysts as facilitating the entire carbonization process.…”