Taguchi based genetic approach for optimizing the PVD process parameter for coating ZrN on AZ91D magnesium alloy

Sivapragash, M.; Kumaradhas, P.; Retnam, B. Stanly Jones; Joseph, X. Felix; Pillai, U.T.S.

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2015.11.027

Cited by 37 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…For this reason, surface tratments are needed in order to improve the surface properties and thereby extend the use of magnesium and its alloys. Various processes, such as electrodepostion [5][6][7], electroless coating [8][9][10][11][12], conversion coating [13][14][15], microarcoxidation [16,17], gas-phase deposition [18,19], surface laser modification [20], and the combination of two or more of the mentioned approaches, have been used to improve the surface performance of the alloys; among these, electroless Ni-P plating offers the possibility of generating uniform, crack-free, and well-adhered coatings, without the need of an external power source [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the formation of alkaline electroless Ni-P coating on magnesium and AZ31B magnesium alloy

Zuleta

Correa

Castaño

et al. 2017

Surface and Coatings Technology

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In this work, alkaline electroless Ni-P coatings were directly formed on commercial purity magnesium and AZ31B magnesium alloy substrates using a process that avoided the use of Cr(VI) compounds. The study focused on two aspects of coating formation: (i) the effect of the substrate roughness on the kinetics of the electroless Ni-P deposition process on magnesium; (ii) the morphological and chemical evolution of the coating on both magnesium and the AZ31B alloy. For these purposes, gravimetric measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) and open-circuit potential (OCP) measurements were employed. It is shown that a relatively rough substrate promotes the rapid formation of the Ni-P coating on the substrate surface in comparison with smoother substrates. Furthermore, the presence of fluoride ions derived from the NH 4 HF 2 reagent in the electroless Ni-P plating bath leads to formation of MgF 2 a few seconds after immersion in the bath; the MgF 2 . Subsequently, crystals of NaMgF 3 , with a cubic morphology, are developed, which later become embedded in the Ni-P matrix. The presence of fluorine species passivates the substrate during coating formation and hence restricts the decomposition of the electroless Ni-P plating bath, which can occur due to release of Mg 2+ ions. Finally, according to gravimetric measurements, SEM and XRD, the plating process is initially faster on magnesium than on the alloy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the formation of alkaline electroless Ni-P coating on magnesium and AZ31B magnesium alloy

Zuleta

Correa

Castaño

et al. 2017

Surface and Coatings Technology

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“…This shows that the coatings adhered firmly to the mild steel [45]. The strong adhesion could have resulted from the right choice of the process parameters, such as temperature, which aids the total dissolution of the coating constituents to form formidable layers at the steel-coating interface [46,47]. However, the entire Zn-MgO-UPP coated steel exhibited superior hardness to the MgO coated steel.…”

Section: Brinell Hardness Of Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of the effect of Zn-MgO-UPP coating on hardness, corrosion resistance and microstructure properties of mild steel

Akande

Fayomi

Akpan

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Sci. Eng.

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This paper investigated the effect of unripe plantain peel (UPP) nanoparticles reinforced Zn-MgO composite coating on the hardness, anti-corrosion and microstructure properties of mild steel. The anti-corrosion characteristics of the coatings were examined using the potentiodynamic polarization method, employing 3.65 % NaCl solution as the test medium. The hardness of the coatings was studied employing the Brinell hardness technique, while the microstructure characteristics were examined using XRD and SEM/EDS. The results of the study revealed that the as-received mild steel sample exhibited the corrosion rate and hardness value of 8.6272 mm year-1 and 136.8 kgf mm-2, respectively, while the Zn-MgO coated mild steel sample exhibited a corrosion rate and hardness value of 242.5 kgf mm-2 and 3.6362 mm year-1, respectively. The optimal performing Zn-MgO-UPP coated mild steel sample (sample coated with 20 g L-1 of MgO and 6 g L-1 of UPP) exhibited a corrosion rate and hardness value of 0.8317 mm year-1 and 245.8 kgf mm-2, respectively. The corrosion rate and hardness value of the Zn-20MgO-6UPP coated mild steel sample indicated that the UPP nanoparticles further improved the passivating and strengthening ability of Zn-MgO coating. Moreover, the XRD profile of the coatings possessed high intensities, which indicated that the coatings exhibit microstructural and chemical homogeneity, high stability and good texture. It was observed on the SEM micrographs that the Zn-MgO-UPP coating exhibited a more refined microstructure compared to the Zn-MgO coating, indicating the grain refining tendency of the UPP nanoparticles. The EDS further indicated the presence of essential and dispersion strengthening elements in the coatings.

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“…Taguchi Method. The Taguchi method is a simple, efficient, and systematic quality improvement method that has been used to achieve robustness in many fields, including materials science [28], mechanical engineering [29], and usability engineering [30]. It can be used to derive optimal processes and products, as well as to identify the control factors that significantly influence a particular quality characteristic [31].…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Fuzzy-Based Hybrid Taguchi Method for Multiobjective Optimization of Product Form Design

Shieh

Yang

et al. 2018

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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In today’s competitive market, industrial product form design is moving towards being consumer centric. Affective responses relate to customers’ affective needs and are receiving increasing attention. To design a product form that can appeal to consumers, designers should consider multiple affective responses (MARs). This paper proposes a robust design approach that uses a fuzzy-based hybrid Taguchi method to derive the optimal product form design concerning MARs. First, design analysis is used to identify design variables and MARs. According to the results, a Taguchi experiment is designed in which fuzzy sets are used to measure the MARs; then, signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios are calculated. Subsequently, a fuzzy questionnaire with multiple answers is employed to acquire consumers’ preference weights for MARs, following which Vlsekriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) is adopted to transform the multiple S/N ratios into a multiperformance characteristic index (MPCI). On the basis of the MPCI, the effects of design variables are identified through analysis of variance and the response table and the response graph are obtained. Consequently, the optimal form design is achieved. A car profile design was used as an example to demonstrate the proposed approach. The results indicate that this approach can effectively improve consumers’ affective response qualities and can be used as a robust design approach to optimize product form design.

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Taguchi based genetic approach for optimizing the PVD process parameter for coating ZrN on AZ91D magnesium alloy

Cited by 37 publications

References 37 publications

Study of the formation of alkaline electroless Ni-P coating on magnesium and AZ31B magnesium alloy

Study of the formation of alkaline electroless Ni-P coating on magnesium and AZ31B magnesium alloy

Exploration of the effect of Zn-MgO-UPP coating on hardness, corrosion resistance and microstructure properties of mild steel

Application of Fuzzy-Based Hybrid Taguchi Method for Multiobjective Optimization of Product Form Design

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